Dokta Miller na Bell Laboratories ya gabatar da manufar haɗakarwar gani a cikin 1969. Integrated optics wani sabon batu ne wanda ke nazari da haɓaka na'urorin gani da tsarin na'urorin lantarki masu haɗaka ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin da aka haɗa bisa tushen optoelectronics da microelectronics.Tushen ka'idar hadedde optics shine optics da optoelectronics, wanda ya haɗa da na'urorin gani na igiyoyi da na'urorin gani na bayanai, na'urori marasa daidaituwa, na'urori masu auna firikwensin optoelectronics, kristal optics, na'urorin gani na fim, jagorar igiyoyin gani na gani, yanayin guda biyu da ka'idar hulɗar ma'amala, na'urori na na'urori na gani da tsarin fim na gani na gani da tsarin.Tushen fasaha shine fasahar fim na bakin ciki da fasahar microelectronics.Fannin aikace-aikace na haɗaɗɗiyar na'urorin gani yana da faɗi sosai, baya ga sadarwar fiber na gani, fasahar gano fiber na gani, sarrafa bayanan gani, kwamfuta mai gani da ma'ajiyar gani, akwai sauran fannoni, kamar binciken kimiyyar kayan aiki, kayan aikin gani, bincike na gani.
Na farko, haɗe-haɗe fa'idodin gani
1. Kwatanta tare da tsarin na'urar gani mai hankali
Na'urar gani mai hankali shine nau'in na'urar gani da aka kafa akan babban dandamali ko tushe don samar da tsarin gani.Girman tsarin yana kan tsari na 1m2, kuma kauri na katako yana kusan 1cm.Baya ga girman girmansa, haɗuwa da daidaitawa kuma sun fi wahala.Haɗaɗɗen tsarin gani yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa:
1. Hasken raƙuman haske suna yaduwa a cikin ƙwanƙwasa na gani, kuma raƙuman haske suna da sauƙi don sarrafawa da kula da makamashi.
2. Haɗin kai yana kawo tsayayyen matsayi.Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, hadedde optics yana sa ran yin na'urori da yawa akan substrate guda ɗaya, don haka babu matsalolin haɗuwa da na'urori masu ƙima suke da su, ta yadda haɗin zai iya daidaitawa, ta yadda kuma ya fi dacewa da abubuwan muhalli kamar girgiza da zafin jiki. .
(3) An gajarta girman na'urar da tsawon hulɗa;Na'urorin lantarki masu alaƙa kuma suna aiki a ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki.
4. Babban iko yawa.Hasken da ake watsawa tare da waveguide yana ƙunshe da ƙaramin sarari na gida, yana haifar da babban ƙarfin ikon gani, wanda yake da sauƙi don isa ga na'urar da ake buƙata don aiki da ƙofa da aiki tare da tasirin gani mara kyau.
5. Haɗe-haɗen na'urorin gani gabaɗaya an haɗa su akan ma'aunin sikelin sikelin centimita, wanda ƙanƙanta ne da nauyi.
2. Kwatanta tare da haɗaɗɗun da'irori
Abubuwan da ke tattare da haɗin kai na gani za a iya raba su zuwa bangarori biyu, ɗaya shine maye gurbin tsarin lantarki mai haɗaka (da'irar haɗakarwa) tare da tsarin haɗin kai (haɗin kai);Sauran yana da alaƙa da fiber na gani da dielectric jirgin sama na gani waveguide wanda ke jagorantar igiyar haske maimakon waya ko kebul na coaxial don watsa siginar.
A cikin haɗe-haɗen hanyar gani, ana yin abubuwan gani a kan madaidaicin wafer kuma an haɗa su ta hanyar jagororin raƙuman gani da aka kafa a ciki ko a saman ƙasa.Hanya na gani mai haɗaka, wanda ya haɗa abubuwa masu gani a kan nau'i ɗaya a cikin nau'i na fim na bakin ciki, hanya ce mai mahimmanci don magance miniaturization na tsarin gani na asali da kuma inganta aikin gaba ɗaya.Na'urar da aka haɗa tana da fa'idodi na ƙananan girman, kwanciyar hankali da ingantaccen aiki, babban inganci, ƙarancin wutar lantarki da sauƙin amfani.
Gabaɗaya, fa'idodin maye gurbin haɗaɗɗun da'irori tare da haɗaɗɗun ƙirar gani sun haɗa da ƙara yawan bandwidth, rarrabuwar raƙuman raƙuman ruwa, sauyawar multix, ƙananan asarar haɗin gwiwa, ƙaramin girman, nauyi mai sauƙi, ƙarancin wutar lantarki, tattalin arziƙin shiri mai kyau, da babban abin dogaro.Saboda daban-daban mu'amala tsakanin haske da kwayoyin halitta, sabon na'ura ayyuka kuma za a iya gane ta yin amfani da daban-daban na jiki effects kamar photoelectric sakamako, electro-Optical sakamako, acousto-optical sakamako, magneto-optical sakamako, thermo-Optical sakamako da sauransu a ciki. abun da ke ciki na hadedde Tantancewar hanya.
2. Bincike da aikace-aikace na hadedde optics
Haɗaɗɗen na'urorin gani ana amfani da su sosai a fannoni daban-daban kamar masana'antu, soja da tattalin arziki, amma galibi ana amfani da su ta fuskoki masu zuwa:
1. Sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa na gani
Tantancewar hadedde na'urorin su ne key hardware gane high gudun da kuma manyan iya aiki Tantancewar sadarwa cibiyoyin sadarwa, ciki har da high-gudun amsa hadedde Laser tushen, waveguide grating tsararru m raƙuman ruwa division multiplexer, kunkuntar amsa hadedde photodetector, routing raƙuman ruwa Converter, sauri mayar da martani Tantancewar sauyawa matrix, ƙananan hasara mai yawa damar waveguide katako splitter da sauransu.
2. Computer Photonic
Komfutar da ake kira photon kwamfuta ita ce kwamfuta da ke amfani da haske a matsayin hanyar watsa bayanai.Photons bosons ne, waɗanda ba su da cajin wutar lantarki, kuma fitilu masu haske na iya wuce layi ɗaya ko ƙetare ba tare da shafar juna ba, wanda ke da ikon zahiri na aiki mai kama da juna.Kwamfuta ta Photonic kuma tana da fa'idodin babban ƙarfin ajiyar bayanai, ƙarfin hana tsangwama, ƙarancin buƙatu don yanayin muhalli, da haƙuri mai ƙarfi.Mafi mahimman kayan aikin kwamfutocin photonic sun haɗa da na'urorin kunnawa na gani da hadedde abubuwan dabaru na gani.
3. Sauran aikace-aikace, kamar na'urar sarrafa bayanan gani, firikwensin fiber optic, firikwensin fiber grating, gyroscope fiber optic, da sauransu.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-28-2023