Umarni na musamman don ƙara ƙarfin fiber mai amfani da erbium (EDFA Optical Amplifier)

Umarni na musamman don ƙara ƙarfin fiber mai amfani da erbium (Na'urar ƙara haske ta EDFA)
Ka sayi waniamplifier fiber mai amfani da erbium(EDFA Optical Amplifier) ​​tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar 30dB da ƙarfin fitarwa mai cikewa na +20dBm.
Haɗa hasken shigarwar 0dBm kuma karanta fitarwa na +27dBm. Kuna iya ƙididdige hakan 30-3 = 27, kuma ribar ba matsala ba ce.
Amma idan ka shigar da -20dBm fa? Ribar da aka samu ta 30dB na nufin cewa fitowar ta kamata ta kasance +10dBm, amma ainihin ma'aunin shine +7dBm kawai - cikakken 3dB ƙasa da haka. Wannan ba matsala ce ta inganci ba. 30dB ƙaramin ribar sigina ne, yayin da hayaniyar ASE da adadin hayaniya ke cinye ribar ku. A zahiri, ribar da aka auna sau da yawa tana ƙasa da ribar da aka samu, wanda ke bayyana cewa wannan lamari ba batun inganci ba ne na kayan aiki, amma an ƙaddara shi ne ta hanyar tsarin aiki na amplifier.

Ƙaramin riba ta sigina ≠ ainihin riba:

1. Sabanin Jigon: Ribar da aka nuna a takardar ƙayyadewa (misali 30dB) ƙaramin ribar sigina ne, wanda shine ƙimar aunawa mafi kyau lokacin da ƙarfin siginar shigarwar ya yi ƙasa sosai (misali -20~-30dBm) da kuma a kan ƙarfin famfo mai ƙima. Wannan bai yi daidai da ribar ainihin ba lokacin da ƙarfin siginar shigarwar ya yi yawa a aikace-aikace.
2. Babban dalilin raguwar riba:
2.1 Cikewar jikewa: Yayin da ƙarfin siginar shigarwa ke ƙaruwa, EDFANa'urar ƙara haske ta ganiyana shiga yankin cikewa, yana haifar da raguwar riba daga ƙimarsa mafi girma.
2.2 Rage Hayaniyar ASE: Hayaniyar fitar da hayaki mai ƙarfi (ASE) tana yin gogayya da hasken sigina kuma tana cin ƙarancin ƙarfin famfo. Mafi ƙarfin hayaniyar ASE, haka nan ƙimar da ake amfani da ita wajen ƙara hasken sigina ke raguwa. Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman dalilan da ya sa ribar da aka auna ta yi ƙasa da ƙimar da ba a saba gani ba.
2.3 Alaƙar adadi: Girman ƙarfin siginar shigarwa, haka nan matsi na ainihin riba (G_actual) yake idan aka kwatanta da ƙaramin ribar sigina (G_small). Adadin matsi galibi yana fitowa ne daga matsi mai cikawa (Δ G_sat) da kuma riba daga yawan amfani da hayaniyar ASE (Δ G_ASE). Misali, lokacin da ƙarfin shigarwar ya kasance 0dBm, yawanci ribar da aka auna ta fi ƙasa da ƙimar da ba a san ta ba.
3. Shawarwari kan aikin injiniya:
3.1 Kasafin kuɗi na hanyar haɗi: Bai kamata a yi amfani da ƙaramin ribar sigina kai tsaye don lissafi ba, amma ya kamata a ɗauki dabarar kasafin kuɗi ta hanyar haɗin haɗi mafi gaskiya:
P_out ≈ P_in+G_small-NF-3dB (gefen tsaro)
Daga cikinsu, NF shine adadin hayaniyar (ƙimar yau da kullun 4-6dB).
3.2 Daidaitawar Juyawa: Idan ƙarfin fitarwa da aka auna bai yi daidai da kasafin kuɗin dabara ba, ana iya amfani da dabarar don ƙididdige ainihin adadin hayaniyar tsarin (NF) a baya, don haka yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar haɗin haɗi da daidaitawa daidai.

Kammalawa: Lokacin kimantawa da amfaniEDFAInjiniyoyin Amplifier na gani (Optical Amplifier), suna buƙatar kula da ƙarfin siginar shigarwarsu kuma su fahimci halayyar matsewar riba a ƙarƙashin yanayin sigina mai girma. Lokacin tsara hanyar haɗin, ya kamata kasafin kuɗi ya dogara ne akan ainihin dabarun wutar lantarki da injiniya waɗanda suka haɗa da abubuwan hayaniya da gefen aminci, maimakon kawai dogaro da ƙimar ƙimar ƙaramin ribar sigina akan takardar ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Bayan karɓar Amplifier na gani na EDFA, da farko tambaya menene ƙarfin shigarwa, sannan yi amfani da dabarar kasafin kuɗi ta hanyar haɗin don ƙididdige fitarwa da ake tsammani. Kada ku yi amfani da ƙaramin ribar sigina don cikakken kasafin kuɗi na wutar lantarki.