Juyin Juya Halina'urar gano hotunan silicon（Si photodetector）
Mai gano hotunan silicon mai juyin juya hali (Revolutionary all-silicon photodetector)Si na'urar gano hotoaiki fiye da na gargajiya
Tare da ƙaruwar sarkakiyar samfuran fasahar kere-kere da hanyoyin sadarwa masu zurfi, ƙungiyoyin kwamfuta suna sanya buƙatu mafi girma kan sadarwa tsakanin na'urori masu sarrafawa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da na'urorin lissafi. Duk da haka, hanyoyin sadarwa na gargajiya akan guntu da tsakanin guntu waɗanda suka dogara da haɗin lantarki ba su iya biyan buƙatun da ke ƙaruwa na bandwidth, latency da amfani da wutar lantarki ba. Domin magance wannan matsala, fasahar haɗin kai ta gani tare da nisan watsawa mai tsawo, saurin sauri, da fa'idodin ingantaccen makamashi, a hankali suna zama bege na ci gaba a nan gaba. Daga cikinsu, fasahar silicon photonic da ta dogara da tsarin CMOS tana nuna babban iko saboda babban haɗin kai, ƙarancin farashi da daidaiton sarrafawa. Duk da haka, fahimtar na'urorin gano hoto masu aiki har yanzu suna fuskantar ƙalubale da yawa. Yawanci, na'urorin gano hoto suna buƙatar haɗa kayan aiki tare da ƙaramin gibin band, kamar germanium (Ge), don inganta aikin ganowa, amma wannan kuma yana haifar da ƙarin rikitarwa hanyoyin samarwa, farashi mai girma, da kuma yawan aiki mara kyau. Na'urar gano bayanai ta silicon wadda ƙungiyar bincike ta ƙirƙiro ta cimma saurin watsa bayanai na 160 Gb/s a kowace tasha ba tare da amfani da germanium ba, tare da jimlar bandwidth na watsawa na 1.28 Tb/s, ta hanyar ƙirar resonator mai sau biyu.
Kwanan nan, wata ƙungiyar bincike ta haɗin gwiwa a Amurka ta buga wani sabon bincike, inda ta sanar da cewa sun yi nasarar ƙirƙirar wani photodiode mai siffar zaftarewar siliki (all silicon avalanche photodiode)na'urar gano hoto ta APD) guntu. Wannan guntu yana da matuƙar sauri da kuma aikin haɗin hoto mai araha, wanda ake sa ran zai cimma fiye da 3.2 Tb a kowace daƙiƙa canja wurin bayanai a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na gani na gaba.
Nasarar Fasaha: Tsarin resonator mai sau biyu na microring
Na'urorin gano hotuna na gargajiya galibi suna da sabani mara misaltuwa tsakanin bandwidth da amsawa. Ƙungiyar bincike ta yi nasarar rage wannan sabani ta hanyar amfani da ƙirar resonator mai sau biyu tare da danne tattaunawa tsakanin tashoshi yadda ya kamata. Sakamakon gwaji ya nuna cewana'urar gano ƙwayoyin silicon mai dukkan silikiyana da martanin A na 0.4 A/W, wutar lantarki mai duhu kamar 1 nA, babban bandwidth na 40 GHz, da kuma ƙarancin magana ta lantarki na ƙasa da −50 dB. Wannan aikin yana kama da na'urorin gano hoto na kasuwanci na yanzu waɗanda suka dogara da kayan silicon-germanium da III-V.
Neman Makoma: Hanya zuwa kirkire-kirkire a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na gani
Nasarar ci gaban na'urar gano ƙwayoyin cuta ta silicon ba wai kawai ta zarce mafita ta gargajiya a fasaha ba, har ma ta sami tanadi na kusan kashi 40% na farashi, wanda hakan ke share fagen cimma nasarar samar da hanyoyin sadarwa masu saurin gudu da rahusa a nan gaba. Fasahar ta dace da tsarin CMOS na yanzu, tana da yawan amfanin ƙasa da yawan amfanin ƙasa sosai, kuma ana sa ran za ta zama wani ɓangare na yau da kullun a fannin fasahar silicon photonics a nan gaba. A nan gaba, ƙungiyar masu bincike tana shirin ci gaba da inganta ƙira don ƙara inganta yawan shan ƙwayoyin cuta da aikin gano ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar rage yawan shan ƙwayoyin cuta da inganta yanayin dasa su. A lokaci guda, binciken zai kuma bincika yadda za a iya amfani da wannan fasahar silicon ga hanyoyin sadarwa na gani a cikin rukunin AI na gaba don cimma babban bandwidth, scalability da ingantaccen makamashi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-31-2025