Sadarwar Quantum shine tsakiyar ɓangaren fasahar bayanai na ƙididdiga.Yana da fa'idodi na cikakken sirri, babban ƙarfin sadarwa, saurin watsawa, da sauransu.Yana iya kammala takamaiman ayyuka waɗanda sadarwar gargajiya ba za su iya cimma ba.Sadarwar juzu'i na iya amfani da tsarin maɓalli na sirri, wanda ba za a iya tantance shi don gane ainihin ma'anar amintaccen sadarwa ba, don haka sadarwa ta ƙididdigewa ta zama sahun gaba na kimiyya da fasaha a duniya.Sadarwar juzu'i tana amfani da yanayin ƙididdigewa azaman ɓangaren bayanai don fahimtar ingantaccen watsa bayanai.Wani juyin juya hali ne a tarihin sadarwa bayan sadarwar wayar tarho da na gani.
Babban abubuwan da ke tattare da sadarwar quantum:
Rarraba maɓalli na sirri na Quantum:
Ba a amfani da rarraba maɓalli na sirri don watsa abun ciki na sirri.Har ila yau, shine kafawa da sadarwa littafin, wato, sanya maɓalli na sirri ga bangarorin sadarwar sirri, wanda akafi sani da sadarwar ƙididdiga.
A cikin 1984, Bennett na Amurka da Brassart na Kanada sun ba da shawarar ka'idar BB84, wacce ke amfani da jimla bits azaman dillalan bayanai don shigar da jihohin adadi ta hanyar amfani da halayen haske don gane tsarawa da amintaccen rarraba maɓallan sirri.A cikin 1992, Bennett ya ba da shawarar yarjejeniya ta B92 dangane da ƙididdige jihohi biyu marasa daidaituwa tare da sauƙin kwarara da rabin inganci.Duk waɗannan tsare-tsare sun dogara ne akan saiti ɗaya ko fiye na jahohin ƙididdigewa ɗaya ko kuma waɗanda ba na orthogonal guda ɗaya ba.A ƙarshe, a cikin 1991, Ekert na Burtaniya ya ba da shawarar E91 dangane da matsakaicin juzu'in ɓarna biyu, wato EPR biyu.
A cikin 1998, an gabatar da wani tsarin sadarwa na kididdigar jihohi shida don zaɓin polarization akan sansanonin haɗin gwiwa guda uku waɗanda suka haɗa da jahohin polarization huɗu da hagu da kuma jujjuya daidai a cikin ka'idar BB84.An tabbatar da ka'idar BB84 a matsayin amintacciyar hanyar rarrabawa, wacce babu wanda ya karya ta kawo yanzu.Ka'idar rashin tabbas na adadi da ƙididdigewa ba cloning yana tabbatar da cikakken tsaro.Saboda haka, ka'idar EPR tana da mahimmancin ƙima.Yana haɗa yanayin ƙididdigewa tare da amintaccen sadarwar ƙididdigewa kuma yana buɗe sabuwar hanya don amintacciyar hanyar sadarwa ta ƙididdigewa.
yawan teleportation:
Ka'idar jimla ta teleportation da Bennett da sauran masana kimiyya suka gabatar a cikin ƙasashe shida a cikin 1993 shine yanayin watsa jimla mai tsafta wanda ke amfani da tashar matsakaicin juzu'i guda biyu don watsa yanayin ƙididdigewa wanda ba a san shi ba, kuma ƙimar nasarar teleportation zai kai 100% [ 2].
A cikin 199, a.Ƙungiyar Zeilinger ta Austria ta kammala gwajin farko na tabbatar da ƙa'idar yawan teleportation a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.A cikin fina-finai da yawa, irin wannan mãkirci yakan bayyana: wani abu mai ban mamaki ba zato ba tsammani ya ɓace a wuri guda ba zato ba tsammani a wurin.Koyaya, saboda ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta saɓawa ƙa'idar jimla ba cloning da rashin tabbas na Heisenberg a cikin injiniyoyi na ƙididdigewa ba, kawai wani nau'in almarar kimiyya ce a cikin sadarwar gargajiya.
Duk da haka, an gabatar da keɓantaccen ra'ayi na jimla entanglement a cikin sadarwa ta ƙididdigewa, wanda ya raba bayanin adadin adadin da ba a san shi ba na asali zuwa kashi biyu: bayanin adadi da bayanan gargajiya, wanda ya sa wannan mu'ujiza mai ban mamaki ta faru.Bayanin adadi shine bayanin da ba a fitar da shi a cikin tsarin aunawa ba, kuma bayanan gargajiya shine ma'aunin asali.
Ci gaba a cikin sadarwar ƙididdiga:
Tun daga 1994, sadarwa ta ƙididdigewa sannu a hankali ta shiga mataki na gwaji tare da ci gaba zuwa manufa mai amfani, wanda ke da kyakkyawan darajar ci gaba da fa'idodin tattalin arziki.A cikin 1997, Pan Jianwei, wani matashin masanin kimiyyar kasar Sin, kuma bow meister, masanin kimiyyar kasar Holland, ya yi gwaji kuma ya gane watsar da wasu jihohin da ba a san su ba.
A cikin Afrilu 2004, Sorensen et al.Gane watsa bayanai mai nisan kilomita 1.45 tsakanin bankunan a karon farko ta hanyar amfani da rarrabawar ƙima, wanda ke nuna alamar sadarwar jimla daga dakin gwaje-gwaje zuwa matakin aikace-aikace.A halin yanzu, fasahar sadarwa ta quantum ta ja hankalin gwamnatoci, masana'antu, da kuma masana.Wasu shahararrun kamfanoni na kasa da kasa kuma suna haɓaka tallace-tallace na bayanan ƙididdiga, irin su tarho na Burtaniya da Kamfanin Telegraph, bell, IBM, a & T dakunan gwaje-gwaje a Amurka, kamfanin Toshiba a Japan, kamfanin Siemens a Jamus, da sauransu. Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin 2008, "aikin ci gaban cibiyar sadarwar amintacciyar hanyar sadarwa ta duniya bisa ga ƙididdiga masu ƙima" ta kafa amintacciyar hanyar sadarwa mai lamba 7 Nunawa da cibiyar sadarwa ta tabbatarwa.
A shekarar 2010, Mujallar Time ta Amurka ta ba da rahoton nasarar gwajin da aka yi ta hanyar sadarwa ta wayar tarho mai tsawon kilomita 16 a cikin ginshikin "labarai masu fashewa" da taken "tsalle na kimiyyar kididdigar kididdigar kasar Sin," wanda ke nuni da cewa, kasar Sin za ta iya kafa hanyar sadarwa ta kididdigar tsakanin kasashen. kasa da tauraron dan adam [3].A cikin 2010, National Intelligence and Communication Research Institute of Japan da Mitsubishi Electric da NEC, ID ƙididdiga na Switzerland, Toshiba Turai Limited, da dukan Vienna na Austria kafa shida nodes Metropolitan Quantum sadarwa cibiyar sadarwa "Tokyo QKD cibiyar sadarwa" a Tokyo.Cibiyar sadarwa tana mai da hankali kan sabbin sakamakon bincike na cibiyoyin bincike da kamfanonin da ke da babban matakin ci gaba a fasahar sadarwar jimla a Japan da Turai.
Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. dake cikin "Silicon Valley" na kasar Sin - Beijing Zhongguancun, wani babban kamfani ne na fasaha da aka sadaukar don hidimar cibiyoyin bincike na gida da na waje, cibiyoyin bincike, jami'o'i da ma'aikatan binciken kimiyya na masana'antu.Kamfaninmu ya fi tsunduma cikin bincike mai zaman kansa da haɓakawa, ƙira, masana'antu, tallace-tallace na samfuran optoelectronic, kuma yana ba da sabbin hanyoyin warwarewa da ƙwararru, keɓaɓɓen sabis don masu binciken kimiyya da injiniyoyin masana'antu.Bayan shekaru masu tasowa masu zaman kansu, ya samar da samfurori masu kyau da cikakke na samfurori na photoelectric, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su sosai a cikin gundumomi, soja, sufuri, wutar lantarki, kudi, ilimi, likita da sauran masana'antu.
Muna fatan samun haɗin gwiwa tare da ku!
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-05-2023