Bangaren DAYA
1, ganowa ta hanyar wata hanya ta zahiri, rarrabe adadin ma'aunin ma'auni na wani yanki ne, don sanin ko ma'aunin da aka auna ya cancanta ko kuma akwai adadin sigogi.Tsarin kwatanta adadin da ba a sani ba tare da daidaitaccen adadin iri ɗaya, da ƙayyade mahimman adadin ƙimar da aka auna, kuma bayyana wannan da yawa daga cikin yawa.
A fagen sarrafa kansa da ganowa, aikin ganowa ba wai kawai dubawa da auna samfuran da aka gama ba ko samfuran da aka kammala ba, har ma don dubawa, kulawa da sarrafa tsarin samarwa ko motsin abu don sanya shi cikin mafi kyau. yanayin da mutane suka zaɓa, ya zama dole don ganowa da auna girman da canza sigogi daban-daban a kowane lokaci.Wannan fasaha na gano ainihin lokaci da auna tsarin samarwa da abubuwa masu motsi kuma ana kiranta fasahar binciken injiniya.
Akwai nau'ikan ma'auni guda biyu: auna kai tsaye da ma'auni
Auna kai tsaye shine auna ƙimar ƙimar karatun mita ba tare da wani lissafi ba, kamar: amfani da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio don auna zafin jiki, ta amfani da multimeter don auna ƙarfin lantarki.
Ma'aunin kaikaice shine auna adadi na jiki da yawa masu alaƙa da aunawa, da ƙididdige ƙimar da aka auna ta hanyar alaƙar aiki.Misali, Power P yana da alaƙa da ƙarfin lantarki V da na yanzu I, wato P=VI, kuma ana ƙididdige wutar ta hanyar auna ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu.
Ma'aunin kai tsaye yana da sauƙi kuma mai dacewa, kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a aikace.Koyaya, a cikin yanayin da ba zai yiwu auna kai tsaye ba, ma'aunin kai tsaye ba shi da daɗi ko kuskuren auna kai tsaye yana da girma, ana iya amfani da ma'aunin kai tsaye.
Ma'anar firikwensin photoelectric da firikwensin
Ayyukan firikwensin shine ya canza adadin da ba ya amfani da wutar lantarki zuwa na'ura mai yawa na lantarki wanda tare da shi akwai madaidaicin dangantaka, wanda shine ainihin abin da ke tsakanin tsarin da ba na lantarki ba da tsarin yawan wutar lantarki.A cikin aiwatar da ganowa da sarrafawa, firikwensin shine muhimmin na'urar juyawa.Daga mahangar makamashi, ana iya raba firikwensin zuwa nau'i biyu: ɗaya shine firikwensin sarrafa makamashi, wanda kuma aka sani da firikwensin aiki;Sauran shine firikwensin juyawar kuzari, wanda kuma aka sani da firikwensin wucewa.Firikwensin kula da makamashi yana nufin na'urar firikwensin za a auna shi cikin canji na sigogi na lantarki (kamar juriya, ƙarfin ƙarfin) canje-canje, firikwensin yana buƙatar ƙara ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ban sha'awa, ana iya auna sigogi canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin lantarki, canje-canje na yanzu.Firikwensin jujjuya makamashi zai iya canza canjin da aka auna kai tsaye zuwa canjin ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu, ba tare da tushen motsa jiki na waje ba.
A lokuta da yawa, adadin da ba na wutar lantarki da za a auna ba shine nau'in rashin wutar lantarki da na'urar ke iya canzawa ba, wanda ke buƙatar ƙara na'ura ko na'ura a gaban firikwensin wanda zai iya canza adadin da ba ya da wutar lantarki da aka auna zuwa adadin mara wutar lantarki wanda firikwensin zai iya karba da juyawa.Bangaren ko na'urar da za ta iya juyar da ƙarancin wutar lantarki da aka auna zuwa wutar lantarki da ke akwai.Misali, lokacin auna wutar lantarki tare da ma'aunin juriya, wajibi ne a haɗa ma'aunin ma'aunin zuwa nau'in na roba na matsa lamba na siyarwa, nau'in na roba yana canza matsa lamba zuwa ma'aunin ƙarfi, kuma ma'aunin ma'aunin yana jujjuya ƙarfi zuwa cikin canji a juriya.Anan ma'aunin ma'auni shine firikwensin, kuma nau'in na roba shine firikwensin.Na’urar firikwensin da na’urar firikwensin na iya juyar da wanda aka auna rashin wutar lantarki a kowane lokaci, amma na’urar firikwensin yana canza wanda aka auna rashin wutar lantarki zuwa wanda babu wutar lantarki da ake da shi, kuma na’urar firikwensin tana canza abin da aka auna rashin wutar lantarki zuwa wutar lantarki.
2, firikwensin photoelectricya dogara ne akan tasirin photoelectric, siginar haske a cikin firikwensin siginar lantarki, ana amfani da shi sosai a sarrafa atomatik, sararin samaniya da rediyo da talabijin da sauran filayen.
Na'urori masu auna wutar lantarki galibi sun haɗa da photodiodes, phototransistors, photoresistors Cds, photocouplers, na'urori masu auna wutar lantarki da aka gada, photocells da na'urori masu auna hoto.Ana nuna tebur na babban nau'in a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.A cikin aikace-aikacen aiki, wajibi ne don zaɓar firikwensin da ya dace don cimma sakamakon da ake so.Babban ƙa'idar zaɓin ita ce:high-gudun photoelectric ganewada'ira, fadi da kewayon haske mita, ultra-high-gudun Laser firikwensin ya kamata ya zabi photodiode;Sauƙaƙan firikwensin hoto na bugun jini na dubunnan Hertz da ƙarancin saurin bugun jini na hoto a cikin da'irar mai sauƙi ya kamata ya zaɓi phototransistor;Kodayake saurin amsawa yana jinkirin, firikwensin gadar juriya tare da kyakkyawan aiki da firikwensin hoto tare da kayan juriya, firikwensin hoto a cikin kewayar hasken wutar lantarki ta atomatik na fitilar titi, da juriya mai canzawa wanda ke canzawa daidai gwargwado tare da ƙarfin hasken yakamata ya zaɓi. Cds da Pbs abubuwa masu ɗaukar hoto;Rubutun rotary, na'urori masu auna saurin gudu da na'urori masu auna firikwensin Laser ya kamata a haɗa na'urorin firikwensin hoto.
Nau'in firikwensin Photoelectric Misali na firikwensin hoto
Mahadar PNPN Photodiode(Si, Ge, GA)
PIN Photodiode (Si kayan)
Avalanche photodiode(Si, Ge)
Phototransistor (PhotoDarlington tube) (Si kayan)
Haɗaɗɗen firikwensin photoelectric da photoelectric thyristor (Si abu)
Non-pn junction photocell (kayan aiki ta amfani da CdS, CdSe, Se, PbS)
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na thermoelectric (kayan da aka yi amfani da su (PZT, LiTaO3, PbTiO3)
Electron tube irin phototube, kyamara tube, photomultiplier tube
Sauran na'urori masu auna launi (Si, α-Si kayan)
Firikwensin hoto mai ƙarfi (Kayan Si, nau'in CCD, nau'in MOS, nau'in CPD
Abubuwan gano matsayi (PSD) (Si abu)
Photocell (Photodiode) (Si don kayan aiki)
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-18-2023