Hanyar haɗakar Optoelectronic

na'urar lantarki (Optoelectronic)hanyar haɗin kai

Haɗin kai naphotonicsda na'urorin lantarki muhimmin mataki ne na inganta karfin tsarin sarrafa bayanai, yana ba da damar saurin canja wurin bayanai, rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki da kuma ƙarin ƙira na'urori masu ƙanƙanta, da kuma buɗe manyan sabbin damammaki don ƙirar tsarin. Ana raba hanyoyin haɗaka gabaɗaya zuwa rukuni biyu: haɗakar monolithic da haɗakar guntu da yawa.

Haɗin kai mai tsari
Haɗin kai tsakanin monolithic ya ƙunshi ƙera abubuwan photonic da na lantarki a kan wani abu mai kama da juna, yawanci ta amfani da kayan aiki da hanyoyin da suka dace. Wannan hanyar ta mayar da hankali kan ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa mara matsala tsakanin haske da wutar lantarki a cikin guntu ɗaya.
Fa'idodi:
1. Rage asarar haɗin kai: Sanya photons da kayan lantarki kusa da juna yana rage asarar sigina da ke da alaƙa da haɗin da ba na guntu ba.
2, Ingantaccen aiki: Haɗakarwa mai ƙarfi na iya haifar da saurin canja wurin bayanai saboda gajerun hanyoyin sigina da raguwar jinkiri.
3, Ƙaramin girma: Haɗin monolithic yana ba da damar na'urori masu ƙanƙanta, wanda ke da amfani musamman ga aikace-aikacen da ke da iyaka ga sarari, kamar cibiyoyin bayanai ko na'urorin hannu.
4, rage amfani da wutar lantarki: kawar da buƙatar fakiti daban-daban da haɗin kai mai nisa, wanda zai iya rage buƙatun wutar lantarki sosai.
Kalubale:
1) Dacewa da kayan aiki: Nemo kayan da ke tallafawa electrons masu inganci da ayyukan photonic na iya zama ƙalubale saboda galibi suna buƙatar halaye daban-daban.
2, dacewa da tsari: Haɗa hanyoyin kera kayan lantarki da na photons daban-daban a kan wani abu ba tare da rage aikin kowane ɓangare ɗaya ba aiki ne mai sarkakiya.
4, Masana'antu masu rikitarwa: Babban daidaiton da ake buƙata don tsarin lantarki da na photononic yana ƙara sarkakiya da farashin masana'antu.

Haɗakar guntu da yawa
Wannan hanyar tana ba da damar samun sassauci sosai wajen zaɓar kayan aiki da hanyoyin aiki don kowane aiki. A cikin wannan haɗin kai, abubuwan lantarki da na photonic suna fitowa daga hanyoyi daban-daban sannan a haɗa su wuri ɗaya a sanya su a kan fakiti ko substrate na gama gari (Hoto na 1). Yanzu bari mu lissafa hanyoyin haɗin kai tsakanin kwakwalwan optoelectronic. Haɗin kai tsaye: Wannan dabarar ta ƙunshi hulɗa kai tsaye ta jiki da haɗin saman biyu masu faɗi, yawanci ana sauƙaƙe su ta hanyar ƙarfin haɗin kwayoyin halitta, zafi, da matsin lamba. Tana da fa'idar sauƙi da kuma yiwuwar haɗin asara mai ƙarancin yawa, amma tana buƙatar saman da aka daidaita daidai kuma mai tsabta. Haɗin fiber/grating: A cikin wannan tsari, an daidaita zare ko fiber ɗin kuma an haɗa shi zuwa gefen ko saman guntu na photonic, yana ba da damar haɗa haske a ciki da waje da guntu. Hakanan ana iya amfani da grating don haɗin kai tsaye, yana inganta ingancin watsa haske tsakanin guntu na photonic da zaren waje. Ramin silicon (TSVs) da ƙananan bumps: Ramin silicon suna haɗuwa a tsaye ta hanyar silicon substrate, yana ba da damar a tara guntu a girma uku. Idan aka haɗa su da ƙananan wuraren da ke kewaye da juna, suna taimakawa wajen cimma haɗin lantarki tsakanin guntun lantarki da na photonic a cikin tsare-tsare masu tsari, waɗanda suka dace da haɗakarwa mai yawa. Tsarin tsaka-tsaki na gani: Tsarin tsaka-tsaki na gani wani abu ne daban wanda ke ɗauke da jagororin raƙuman gani waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin matsakaici don daidaita siginar gani tsakanin guntu. Yana ba da damar daidaitawa daidai, da ƙarin hanyoyin aiki mara aiki.kayan aikin ganiza a iya haɗa shi don ƙara sassaucin haɗi. Haɗin ...

Hoto na 1: : Tsarin haɗin Electron/photon chip-to-chip

Fa'idodin waɗannan hanyoyin suna da mahimmanci: Yayin da duniyar CMOS ke ci gaba da bin ci gaba a cikin Dokar Moore, zai yiwu a daidaita kowace tsara ta CMOS ko Bi-CMOS cikin sauri zuwa guntu mai rahusa na silicon photonic, wanda ke cin gajiyar mafi kyawun hanyoyin aiki a cikin photonics da lantarki. Saboda photonics gabaɗaya baya buƙatar ƙera ƙananan tsari (maɓallan girma na kusan nanometer 100 na yau da kullun ne) kuma na'urori suna da girma idan aka kwatanta da transistor, la'akari da tattalin arziki zai iya tura na'urorin photonic su ƙera a cikin wani tsari daban, wanda aka raba shi da duk wani kayan lantarki na zamani da ake buƙata don samfurin ƙarshe.
Fa'idodi:
1, sassauci: Ana iya amfani da kayayyaki da matakai daban-daban daban-daban daban-daban don cimma mafi kyawun aikin kayan aikin lantarki da na photonic.
2, balaga ta hanyar aiki: amfani da manyan hanyoyin kera kayayyaki ga kowane bangare na iya sauƙaƙa samarwa da rage farashi.
3, Sauƙin haɓakawa da kulawa: Raba sassan yana ba da damar maye gurbin ko haɓaka sassan daban-daban cikin sauƙi ba tare da shafar tsarin gaba ɗaya ba.
Kalubale:
1, asarar haɗin gwiwa: Haɗin da ke cikin na'urar haɗin gwiwa yana haifar da ƙarin asarar sigina kuma yana iya buƙatar hanyoyin daidaitawa masu rikitarwa.
2, ƙara rikitarwa da girma: Abubuwan da aka haɗa suna buƙatar ƙarin marufi da haɗin kai, wanda ke haifar da girma mai yawa da yuwuwar tsada mai yawa.
3, yawan amfani da wutar lantarki: Dogayen hanyoyin sigina da ƙarin marufi na iya ƙara buƙatun wutar lantarki idan aka kwatanta da haɗin kai na monolithic.
Kammalawa:
Zaɓi tsakanin haɗakar monolithic da multi-chip ya dogara da buƙatun takamaiman aikace-aikace, gami da manufofin aiki, ƙuntatawa na girma, la'akari da farashi, da kuma balaga ta fasaha. Duk da sarkakiyar masana'antu, haɗakar monolithic yana da fa'ida ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarancin aiki, ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, da watsa bayanai mai sauri. Madadin haka, haɗakar multi-chip yana ba da sassauci mafi girma na ƙira kuma yana amfani da ƙwarewar masana'antu da ke akwai, yana mai da shi ya dace da aikace-aikace inda waɗannan abubuwan suka fi fa'idodin haɗakarwa mai ƙarfi. Yayin da bincike ke ci gaba, ana kuma bincika hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa waɗanda suka haɗa abubuwan dabarun biyu don inganta aikin tsarin yayin da ake rage ƙalubalen da ke tattare da kowace hanya.