Ƙungiyar sadarwa ta gani, mai kunna sauti mai haske sosai

Ƙungiyar sadarwa ta gani, mai kunna sauti mai haske sosai
Masu kunna haske na iya gano takamaiman raƙuman raƙuman haske a cikin wani sarari mai iyaka, kuma suna da mahimman aikace-aikace a cikin hulɗar haske da abubuwa,sadarwa ta gani, na'urar hangen nesa ta gani, da kuma haɗakar na'urar hangen nesa. Girman na'urar hangen nesa ya dogara ne akan halayen kayan aiki da kuma tsawon ƙarfin aiki, misali, na'urorin hangen nesa na silicon da ke aiki a cikin infrared band yawanci suna buƙatar tsarin gani na ɗaruruwan nanometers ko sama da haka. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, na'urorin hangen nesa na haske masu sirara sun jawo hankali sosai saboda yuwuwar amfani da su a cikin launi na tsari, hoton holographic, daidaita filin haske da na'urorin lantarki na optoelectronic. Yadda ake rage kauri na na'urorin hangen nesa na planar yana ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin da masu bincike ke fuskanta.
Bambanta da kayan semiconductor na gargajiya ba, insulators na topological na 3D (kamar bismuth telluride, antimony telluride, bismuth selenide, da sauransu) sabbin kayan bayanai ne masu yanayin saman ƙarfe mai kariya daga saman da yanayin insulator. Yanayin saman yana da kariya ta hanyar daidaituwar juyawar lokaci, kuma electrons ɗinsa ba sa warwatsewa ta hanyar ƙazanta marasa maganadisu, wanda ke da mahimman damar amfani a cikin ƙananan na'urorin ƙididdigewa da na'urorin spintronic. A lokaci guda, kayan insulators na topological kuma suna nuna kyawawan halaye na gani, kamar babban ma'aunin refractive, babban mara layi.na ganicoefficient, kewayon kewayon aiki mai faɗi, daidaitawa, sauƙin haɗawa, da sauransu, wanda ke samar da sabon dandamali don aiwatar da ƙa'idodin haske dana'urorin lantarki na optoelectronic.
Wata ƙungiyar bincike a ƙasar Sin ta gabatar da wata hanya ta ƙera resonators na gani mai matuƙar siriri ta hanyar amfani da manyan nanofilms na insulator na bismuth telluride masu girma a yanki. Ramin gani yana nuna halayen sha na gani a fili a cikin rafin infrared. Bismuth telluride yana da babban ma'aunin refractive na fiye da 6 a cikin rafin sadarwa na gani (fiye da ma'aunin refractive na kayan gargajiya masu yawan refractive kamar silicon da germanium), don haka kauri ramin gani zai iya kaiwa kashi ɗaya cikin ashirin na tsawon resonation. A lokaci guda, resonator na gani yana kan lu'ulu'u na photonic mai girma ɗaya, kuma ana lura da sabon tasirin haske da aka haifar ta hanyar lantarki a cikin rafin sadarwa na gani, wanda ya faru ne saboda haɗin resonator da Tamm plasmon da tsangwamarsa mai lalata. Amsar wannan tasirin ya dogara ne akan kauri na resonator na gani kuma yana da ƙarfi ga canjin ma'aunin refractive na yanayi. Wannan aikin yana buɗe sabuwar hanya don cimma ramin gani mai matuƙar siriri, ƙa'idar ma'aunin insulator na gani da na'urorin optoelectronic.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1a da 1b, resonator na gani galibi ya ƙunshi insulator na bismuth telluride da nanofilms na azurfa. Nanofilms na bismuth telluride da magnetron sputtering suka shirya suna da babban yanki da kuma kyakkyawan lanƙwasa. Lokacin da kauri na bismuth telluride da fina-finan azurfa ya kai 42 nm da 30 nm, bi da bi, ramin gani yana nuna ƙarfin shaƙar resonance a cikin band na 1100~1800 nm (Hoto na 1c). Lokacin da masu binciken suka haɗa wannan ramin gani a kan wani lu'ulu'u na photonic da aka yi da tarukan Ta2O5 (182 nm) da SiO2 (260 nm) (Hoto na 1e), wani kwarin shaye-shaye na musamman (Hoto na 1f) ya bayyana kusa da kololuwar shaye-shaye na resonant na asali (~1550 nm), wanda yayi kama da tasirin bayyanawa da tsarin atomic ya haifar.

An siffanta kayan bismuth telluride ta hanyar amfani da na'urar hangen nesa ta lantarki da kuma na'urar hangen nesa ta lantarki. Hoto na 2a-2c ya nuna hotunan na'urorin hangen nesa na lantarki (hotuna masu ƙuduri mai girma) da kuma zaɓaɓɓun tsarin watsa bayanai na lantarki na nanofilms na bismuth telluride. Ana iya gani daga hoton cewa nanofilms na bismuth telluride da aka shirya kayan polycrystalline ne, kuma babban yanayin girma shine (015) jirgin lu'ulu'u. Hoto na 2d-2f ya nuna ma'aunin haske mai rikitarwa na bismuth telluride wanda aka auna ta hanyar ellipsometer da kuma ma'aunin haske mai rikitarwa na yanayin saman da aka sanya da kuma ma'aunin haske mai rikitarwa. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ma'aunin ƙarewa na yanayin saman ya fi ma'aunin haske a cikin kewayon 230~1930 nm, yana nuna halaye masu kama da ƙarfe. Ma'aunin haske na jiki ya fi 6 idan tsawon tsayin ya fi 1385 nm, wanda ya fi na silicon, germanium da sauran kayan gargajiya masu haske a cikin wannan band, wanda ke shimfida harsashi don shirya resonators na gani mai siriri sosai. Masu binciken sun nuna cewa wannan shine farkon rahoton da aka samu na gano wani ramin gani mai siffar topological insulator mai kauri na nanometers goma kawai a cikin band ɗin sadarwa na gani. Daga baya, an auna bakan sha da tsawon tsayin haske na ramin gani mai siriri sosai da kauri na bismuth telluride. A ƙarshe, an binciki tasirin kauri na fim ɗin azurfa akan bakan haske da aka haifar ta hanyar lantarki a cikin tsarin nanocavity/photonic crystal.

Ta hanyar shirya manyan filayen sirara na masu hana bismuth telluride, da kuma amfani da ma'aunin haske mai yawa na kayan Bismuth telluride a cikin infrared band, ana samun rami mai haske mai kauri mai kauri na nanometers goma kacal. Ramin gani mai siriri sosai zai iya samar da ingantaccen ɗaukar haske a cikin rafin infrared, kuma yana da mahimmancin amfani a cikin haɓaka na'urorin optoelectronic a cikin rafin sadarwa na gani. Kauri na rafin gani na bismuth telluride yana layi zuwa tsayin resonant, kuma ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da na rafin gani irin na silicon da germanium. A lokaci guda, an haɗa rafin gani na bismuth telluride tare da lu'ulu'u na photonic don cimma tasirin gani mara kyau wanda yayi kama da bayyanannen tsarin atomic wanda aka haifar ta hanyar lantarki, wanda ke ba da sabuwar hanya don daidaita tsarin microstructure. Wannan binciken yana taka rawa wajen haɓaka binciken kayan masu hana topological a cikin daidaita haske da na'urorin aiki na gani.