Fasahar Laser Mai Layi Mai Ƙunƙunƙuni Kashi Na Biyu
A shekarar 1960, laser ruby na farko a duniya shine laser mai ƙarfi, wanda aka siffanta shi da ƙarfin fitarwa mai yawa da kuma faɗin tsawon tsayi. Tsarin sararin samaniya na musamman na laser mai ƙarfi yana sa ya fi sassauƙa wajen tsara fitowar kunkuntar layin layi. A halin yanzu, manyan hanyoyin da aka aiwatar sun haɗa da hanyar rami mai gajeren zango, hanyar rami mai hanya ɗaya, hanyar intracavity standard, hanyar rami mai juyawa, hanyar rami mai juyawa, hanyar Bragg grating da hanyar allurar iri.
Hoto na 7 yana nuna tsarin lasers na zamani masu tsayi ɗaya-ɗaya.
Siffa ta 7(a) ta nuna ƙa'idar aiki ta zaɓin yanayin tsayi ɗaya bisa ga ƙa'idar FP da ke cikin rami, wato, ana amfani da kunkuntar layin watsawa na ma'aunin don ƙara asarar wasu yanayin tsayi, ta yadda wasu yanayin tsayi za a tace su a cikin tsarin gasar yanayi saboda ƙaramin watsawa, don cimma aikin yanayin tsayi ɗaya. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya samun wani nau'in fitarwa na daidaita tsawon tsayi ta hanyar sarrafa kusurwa da zafin jiki na ma'aunin FP da canza tazara ta yanayin tsayi. Siffa ta 7(b) da (c) suna nuna oscillator na zobe mara-planar (NPRO) da hanyar ramin yanayin torsional da ake amfani da ita don samun fitowar yanayin tsayi ɗaya. Ka'idar aiki ita ce a sa katako ya yaɗu a hanya ɗaya a cikin resonator, a kawar da rarraba sarari mara daidaito na adadin ƙwayoyin da aka juya a cikin ramin raƙuman ruwa na yau da kullun, don haka a guji tasirin ƙone ramin sarari don cimma fitowar yanayin tsayi ɗaya. Ka'idar zaɓin yanayin Bragg grating (VBG) iri ɗaya ce da ta lasers mai faɗi da fiber da aka ambata a baya, wato, ta hanyar amfani da VBG azaman abin tacewa, bisa ga kyakkyawan zaɓin spectral da zaɓin kusurwa, oscillator yana juyawa a wani takamaiman tsayi ko band don cimma rawar zaɓin yanayin tsayi, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 7(d).
A lokaci guda, ana iya haɗa hanyoyi da dama na zaɓin yanayin tsayi bisa ga buƙatun don inganta daidaiton zaɓin yanayin tsayi, ƙara rage faɗin layi, ko ƙara ƙarfin gasar yanayin ta hanyar gabatar da canjin mita mara layi da sauran hanyoyi, da kuma faɗaɗa tsawon fitarwa na laser yayin aiki a cikin kunkuntar faɗin layi, wanda yake da wuya a yi donLaser na semiconductorkumana'urorin laser na fiber.
(4) Laser na Brillouin
Laser ɗin Brillouin ya dogara ne akan tasirin Brillouin warwatsewa (SBS) wanda aka ƙarfafa don samun ƙarancin hayaniya, fasahar fitarwa mai faɗi ta layi, ƙa'idarsa ta kasance ta hanyar photon da hulɗar filin sauti na ciki don samar da wani sauyi na mitar Stokes photons, kuma ana ci gaba da haɓaka shi a cikin bandwidth na riba.
Siffa ta 8 ta nuna zane-zanen matakin juyawar SBS da kuma tsarin asali na laser na Brillouin.
Saboda ƙarancin girgizar filin sauti, canjin mitar Brillouin na kayan yawanci yana da 0.1-2 cm-1 kawai, don haka tare da laser 1064 nm a matsayin hasken famfo, tsawon igiyar Stokes da aka samar sau da yawa yana kusan 1064.01 nm ne kawai, amma wannan kuma yana nufin cewa ingancin juyawar quantum ɗinsa yana da matuƙar girma (har zuwa 99.99% a ka'ida). Bugu da ƙari, saboda faɗin layin riba na Brillouin na matsakaici yawanci yana da tsari na MHZ-ghz ne kawai (faɗin layin riba na Brillouin na wasu kafofin watsa labarai masu ƙarfi kusan 10 MHz ne kawai), ya yi ƙasa da faɗin layin riba na kayan aikin laser na tsari na 100 GHz, don haka, The Stokes da aka yi niyya a cikin laser Brillouin na iya nuna wani abu mai bayyananne na rage bakan bayan ƙarawa da yawa a cikin rami, kuma faɗin layin fitarwa yana da tsari da yawa na girma fiye da faɗin layin famfo. A halin yanzu, Brillouin laser ya zama wurin bincike a fannin photonics, kuma an sami rahotanni da yawa game da tsarin Hz da sub-Hz na fitowar layin da ke da ɗan ƙarami.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, na'urorin Brillouin masu tsarin jagorar raƙuman ruwa sun bunƙasa a fanninmicrowave photonics, kuma suna ci gaba da haɓakawa cikin sauri a cikin jagorancin rage yawan aiki, haɗakarwa mai girma da ƙuduri mafi girma. Bugu da ƙari, laser Brillouin mai gudana a sararin samaniya wanda aka gina akan sabbin kayan lu'ulu'u kamar lu'u-lu'u shi ma ya shiga hangen nesa na mutane a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, ci gabansa na ƙirƙira a cikin ƙarfin tsarin jagorar raƙuman ruwa da kuma matsewar SBS ta cascade, ƙarfin laser Brillouin zuwa girman W 10, yana shimfida harsashin faɗaɗa aikace-aikacensa.
Mahadar gaba ɗaya
Tare da ci gaba da binciken ilimin zamani, ƙananan lasers na layi sun zama kayan aiki mai mahimmanci a cikin binciken kimiyya tare da kyakkyawan aikinsu, kamar LIGO mai auna laser don gano raƙuman nauyi, wanda ke amfani da faɗin layi mai faɗi ɗaya.lasertare da tsawon tsayin 1064 nm a matsayin tushen iri, kuma faɗin layin hasken iri yana cikin 5 kHz. Bugu da ƙari, na'urorin laser masu faɗi mai faɗi tare da canjin tsawon tsayi da babu tsalle-tsalle na yanayi suma suna nuna babban yuwuwar amfani, musamman a cikin sadarwa mai jituwa, wanda zai iya biyan buƙatun yawan rarraba tsawon tsayi (WDM) ko yawan rarraba mita (FDM) don sake canza tsawon tsayi (ko mita), kuma ana sa ran zai zama babban na'urar fasahar sadarwa ta hannu ta zamani.
A nan gaba, kirkire-kirkire na kayan laser da fasahar sarrafawa za su ƙara inganta matse faɗin layin laser, inganta daidaiton mita, faɗaɗa kewayon tsayin tsayi da kuma inganta ƙarfi, wanda hakan zai share fagen binciken ɗan adam na duniyar da ba a sani ba.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-29-2023