Fasahar gano magana daga nesa ta Laser

Fasahar gano magana daga nesa ta Laser
LaserGano Magana Daga Nesa: Bayyana Tsarin Tsarin Ganowa

Wani siririn hasken laser yana rawa cikin iska cikin kyau, yana neman sautuka masu nisa a hankali, ƙa'idar da ke bayan wannan "sihiri" na fasaha ta gaba tana da ban mamaki kuma cike take da fara'a. A yau, bari mu ɗaga mayafin wannan fasaha mai ban mamaki mu bincika tsarinta da ƙa'idodinta masu ban mamaki. An nuna ƙa'idar gano muryar nesa ta laser a cikin Hoto na 1(a). Tsarin gano muryar nesa ta laser ya ƙunshi tsarin auna girgizar laser da maƙasudin auna girgizar da ba ta haɗin gwiwa ba. Dangane da yanayin gano haske na dawowa, ana iya raba tsarin ganowa zuwa nau'in rashin tsangwama da nau'in tsangwama, kuma an nuna zane-zanen tsari a cikin Hoto na 1(b) da (c).

FIG. 1 (a) Tsarin toshe na gano murya daga nesa ta laser; (b) Tsarin tsari na tsarin auna girgiza daga nesa ta laser mara interferometric; (c) Tsarin tsari na tsarin auna girgiza daga nesa ta laser mai interferometric

一. Tsarin gano rashin tsangwama Gano rashin tsangwama hali ne mai sauƙi na abokai, ta hanyar hasken laser na saman da aka nufa, tare da motsi mai kaifi na daidaitawar azimuth na hasken da aka nuna wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a ƙarshen karɓar ƙarfin haske ko hoton ɗigon haske don auna micro-girgizar saman da aka nufa kai tsaye, sannan "kai tsaye zuwa madaidaiciya" don cimma gano siginar sauti mai nisa. Dangane da tsarin karɓarna'urar gano hoto, tsarin rashin tsangwama za a iya raba shi zuwa nau'in maki ɗaya da nau'in jeri. Tushen tsarin maki ɗaya shine "sake gina siginar sauti", wato, ana auna girgizar saman abu ta hanyar auna canjin ƙarfin hasken gano na'urar gano na'urar da canjin yanayin hasken dawowa ya haifar. Tsarin maki ɗaya yana da fa'idodin ƙarancin farashi, tsari mai sauƙi, babban ƙimar samfuri da sake gina siginar sauti a ainihin lokaci bisa ga ra'ayoyin na'urar gano haske, amma tasirin tsinken laser zai lalata alaƙar layi tsakanin girgiza da ƙarfin hasken na'urar gano haske, don haka yana iyakance amfani da tsarin gano haske mai maki ɗaya. Tsarin jeri yana sake gina girgizar saman manufa ta hanyar tsarin sarrafa hoton tsinken, don haka tsarin auna girgiza yana da ƙarfin daidaitawa ga saman da ke da rauni, kuma yana da daidaito da hankali mafi girma.

二. Tsarin gano tsangwama ya bambanta da rashin fahimtar tsangwama, gano tsangwama yana da kyan gani a kaikaice, ƙa'idar ita ce ta hanyar hasken laser na saman abin da ake nufi, saman abin da ake nufi tare da axis na gani na ƙaura zuwa hasken baya yana gabatar da canjin lokaci/mita, amfani da fasahar tsangwama don auna canjin mita/lokaci don cimma ma'aunin girgiza mai nisa. A halin yanzu, ana iya raba fasahar gano interferometric mafi ci gaba zuwa nau'i biyu bisa ga ƙa'idar fasahar auna girgizar Laser Doppler da hanyar haɗa kai ta laser bisa ga gano siginar sauti mai nisa. Hanyar auna girgizar Laser Doppler ta dogara ne akan tasirin Doppler na laser don gano siginar sauti ta hanyar auna canjin mitar Doppler da girgizar saman abin da ake nufi ta haifar. Fasahar haɗa kai ta laser tana auna ƙaura, gudu, girgiza da nisan abin da ake nufi ta hanyar barin wani ɓangare na hasken da aka nuna na abin da ake nufi ya sake shiga cikin resonator na laser kuma ya haifar da daidaitawar girman filin laser da mita. Amfaninsa yana cikin ƙaramin girma da kuma babban ƙarfin tsarin auna girgiza, kumaLaser mai ƙarancin ƙarfiana iya amfani da shi don gano siginar sauti mai nisa. Tsarin aunawa na laser mai canzawa akai-akai don gano siginar magana mai nisa an nuna shi a Hoto na 2.

FIG. 2 Zane-zanen tsarin aunawa na laser mai canzawa akai-akai

A matsayin wata hanya mai amfani da inganci ta fasaha, fasahar "sihiri" ta laser ba wai kawai a fannin ganowa ba, a fannin ganowa kuma tana da kyakkyawan aiki da aikace-aikace masu yawa - fasahar aunawa ta laser. Wannan fasaha za ta iya cimma matakan kariya daga kutse a matakin mita 100 a cikin gidaje, ofisoshi da sauran wuraren bangon labule na gilashi, kuma na'ura ɗaya za ta iya kare ɗakin taro mai faɗin murabba'in mita 15 yadda ya kamata, ban da saurin amsawa na dubawa da sanyawa cikin daƙiƙa 10, daidaiton matsayi mai girma na fiye da kashi 90% na ƙimar ganewa, da kuma babban aminci don aiki mai dorewa na dogon lokaci. Fasaha ta aunawa ta laser na iya samar da garanti mai ƙarfi ga tsaron bayanan sauti na masu amfani a manyan ofisoshin masana'antu da sauran yanayi.