Kwanan nan, binciken Ruhun Amurka ya kammala gwajin sadarwa mai zurfi na Laser tare da kayan aikin kasa mai nisan kilomita miliyan 16, wanda ya kafa sabon rikodin nisa na sadarwa na gani a sararin samaniya.To menene fa'idarsadarwar laser?Dangane da ka'idodin fasaha da buƙatun manufa, waɗanne matsaloli ne yake buƙatar shawo kan su?Menene fatan aikace-aikacensa a fagen binciken sararin samaniya mai zurfi a nan gaba?
Ci gaban fasaha, ba tsoron kalubale ba
Binciken zurfafa sararin samaniya aiki ne mai matuƙar ƙalubale a cikin tafiyar masu binciken sararin samaniya da ke binciken sararin samaniya.Ana buƙatar bincike don ketare sararin samaniya mai nisa, shawo kan matsanancin yanayi da yanayi mara kyau, samowa da watsa bayanai masu mahimmanci, kuma fasahar sadarwa tana taka muhimmiyar rawa.
Tsarin tsari nazurfin sadarwa Laser sararigwaji tsakanin binciken tauraron dan adam na Ruhu da mai lura da kasa
A ranar 13 ga Oktoba, an ƙaddamar da binciken Ruhu, wanda zai fara tafiya na bincike wanda zai ɗauki akalla shekaru takwas.A farkon aikin, ya yi aiki tare da na'urar hangen nesa na Hale a Palomar Observatory a Amurka don gwada fasahar sadarwa ta Laser mai zurfin sararin samaniya, ta yin amfani da lambar laser kusa da infrared don sadarwa da bayanai tare da ƙungiyoyi a duniya.Don haka, na'urar ganowa da na'urorin sadarwar ta Laser suna buƙatar shawo kan aƙalla nau'ikan matsaloli guda huɗu.Bi da bi, nisa mai nisa, ƙaddamar da sigina da tsangwama, iyakancewar bandwidth da jinkiri, iyakancewar makamashi da matsalolin zafi da zafi sun cancanci kulawa.Masu bincike sun daɗe suna jira kuma sun shirya don waɗannan matsalolin, kuma sun karya ta hanyar jerin mahimman fasahohi, suna kafa tushe mai kyau ga binciken Ruhu don aiwatar da gwaje-gwajen sadarwar Laser mai zurfi.
Da farko dai, mai gano Ruhu yana amfani da fasahar watsa bayanai mai sauri, zaɓaɓɓen katako na Laser a matsayin matsakaicin watsawa, sanye take dahigh-ikon Laserwatsawa, ta amfani da abũbuwan amfãni dagaLaser watsaƙima da babban kwanciyar hankali, ƙoƙarin kafa hanyoyin sadarwar laser a cikin yanayin sararin samaniya mai zurfi.
Na biyu, don inganta aminci da kwanciyar hankali na sadarwa, mai gano Ruhu yana ɗaukar ingantacciyar fasahar coding, wacce za ta iya cimma ƙimar watsa bayanai mafi girma a cikin ƙayyadaddun bandwidth ta hanyar inganta rikodin bayanan.A lokaci guda, yana iya rage ƙimar kuskuren bit da inganta daidaiton watsa bayanai ta hanyar amfani da fasahar gyara kuskuren gaba.
Na uku, tare da taimakon tsarin tsarawa da fasaha na fasaha, binciken ya gano mafi kyawun amfani da albarkatun sadarwa.Fasaha na iya daidaita ka'idojin sadarwa ta atomatik da ƙimar watsawa bisa ga canje-canje a cikin buƙatun ɗawainiya da yanayin sadarwa, don haka tabbatar da mafi kyawun sakamakon sadarwa a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin makamashi.
A ƙarshe, don haɓaka ƙarfin liyafar sigina, binciken Ruhu yana amfani da fasahar karɓar katako mai yawa.Wannan fasaha tana amfani da eriya masu karɓa da yawa don samar da tsararru, wanda zai iya haɓaka azama da kwanciyar hankali na siginar, sannan a kula da ingantaccen haɗin sadarwa a cikin hadadden yanayin sararin samaniya.
Abubuwan amfani a bayyane suke, boye a cikin sirri
A waje duniya ba wuya a samu cewaLasershine ainihin abin gwajin sadarwar sararin samaniya mai zurfi na binciken Ruhu, to menene takamaiman fa'idodi na Laser don taimakawa ga gagarumin ci gaban sadarwar sararin samaniya?Menene sirrin?
A gefe guda, karuwar buƙatar bayanai masu yawa, hotuna masu girma da bidiyo don ayyukan bincike mai zurfi na sararin samaniya yana buƙatar ƙarin ƙimar watsa bayanai don sadarwar sararin samaniya mai zurfi.Dangane da nisan isar da saƙon sadarwa wanda galibi “farawa” ne da dubun-dubatar kilomita, raƙuman rediyo a hankali “ba su da ƙarfi.”
Yayin da hanyar sadarwa ta Laser ke ɓoye bayanai akan photons, idan aka kwatanta da raƙuman radiyo, raƙuman hasken infrared na kusa suna da kunkuntar raƙuman ruwa da mafi girma, yana ba da damar gina bayanan sararin samaniya "hanyar hanya" tare da ingantaccen watsa bayanai mai santsi.An tabbatar da wannan batu tun farko a farkon gwaje-gwajen sararin samaniyar ƙananan-ƙasa.Bayan ɗaukar matakan daidaitawa masu dacewa da shawo kan kutsewar yanayi, adadin watsa bayanai na tsarin sadarwar laser ya taɓa kusan sau 100 fiye da na hanyoyin sadarwa na baya.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-26-2024