Mai juyisilicon photodetector(Si photodetector)
Juyin juyayi duk-silicon photodetector (Da photodetector）, yi fiye da na gargajiya
Tare da haɓaka rikiɗar ƙirar ƙirar ɗan adam da zurfin hanyoyin sadarwa na jijiyoyi, gungu na kwamfuta suna sanya buƙatu masu girma akan sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa tsakanin na'urori masu sarrafawa, ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙididdiga. Koyaya, hanyoyin sadarwar kan-chip na gargajiya da na guntu na gargajiya dangane da haɗin wutar lantarki sun kasa biyan buƙatun girma na bandwidth, latency da amfani da wutar lantarki. Don warware wannan ƙwanƙwasa, fasahar haɗin gwiwar gani tare da nisa mai nisa mai nisa, saurin sauri, fa'idodin ingantaccen makamashi, sannu a hankali ya zama bege na ci gaba na gaba. Daga cikin su, fasahar photonic silicon dangane da tsarin CMOS yana nuna babban yuwuwar saboda babban haɗin kai, ƙarancin farashi da daidaiton sarrafawa. Duk da haka, fahimtar manyan ayyukan photodetectors har yanzu yana fuskantar kalubale da yawa. Yawanci, masu binciken hoto suna buƙatar haɗa kayan tare da kunkuntar ratar band, kamar germanium (Ge), don haɓaka aikin ganowa, amma wannan kuma yana haifar da ƙarin hanyoyin masana'antu masu rikitarwa, ƙarin farashi, da haɓakar rashin daidaituwa. Na'urar daukar hoto mai amfani da siliki duka da ƙungiyar bincike ta haɓaka ta sami saurin watsa bayanai na 160 Gb/s a kowane tashoshi ba tare da amfani da germanium ba, tare da jimlar watsawa ta 1.28 Tb / s, ta hanyar ingantaccen ƙirar resonator biyu-microring.
Kwanan nan, wata ƙungiyar bincike ta haɗin gwiwa a Amurka ta wallafa wani sabon bincike, inda ta sanar da cewa sun sami nasarar ƙera wani nau'in siliki na photodiode (avalanche photodiode).APD photodetector) guntu. Wannan guntu yana da matsananci-high gudun da kuma low-cost photoelectric dubawa aiki, wanda ake sa ran cimma fiye da 3.2 Tb a sakan daya canja wurin bayanai a nan gaba Tantancewar cibiyoyin sadarwa.
Nasarar fasaha: ƙira mai resonator biyu
Masu gano hoto na gargajiya sau da yawa suna da sabani da ba za a iya daidaita su ba tsakanin bandwidth da amsawa. Ƙungiyar binciken ta sami nasarar rage wannan sabani ta hanyar yin amfani da ƙirar resonator mai maɗaukaki biyu da kuma danne magana mai kyau tsakanin tashoshi. Sakamakon gwaji ya nuna cewaduk silicon photodetectoryana da Amsoshi na 0.4 A/W, duhu mai duhu kamar ƙasa da 1 nA, babban bandwidth na 40 GHz, da ƙarancin ƙarancin wutar lantarki na ƙasa da -50 dB. Wannan wasan kwaikwayon yayi daidai da na'urorin daukar hoto na kasuwanci na yanzu dangane da silicon-germanium da kayan III-V.
Neman gaba: Hanya zuwa ƙididdigewa a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na gani
Nasarar ci gaban na'urar daukar hoto mai amfani da siliki ba kawai ya zarce maganin gargajiya a cikin fasaha ba, har ma ya sami tanadi na kusan kashi 40% na farashi, wanda ya ba da damar fahimtar hanyoyin sadarwa masu saurin sauri, masu rahusa a nan gaba. Fasahar ta dace da tsarin CMOS da ake da su, tana da yawan amfanin ƙasa da yawan amfanin ƙasa, kuma ana sa ran za ta zama madaidaicin sashi a fagen fasahar photonics na silicon a nan gaba. A nan gaba, ƙungiyar masu bincike suna shirin ci gaba da haɓaka ƙira don ƙara haɓaka ƙimar sha da aikin bandwidth na photodetector ta hanyar rage yawan abubuwan doping da inganta yanayin dasawa. A lokaci guda kuma, binciken zai kuma gano yadda za a iya amfani da wannan fasaha ta siliki zuwa hanyoyin sadarwa na gani a cikin gungu na AI na gaba don cimma mafi girman bandwidth, scalability da ingantaccen makamashi.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-31-2025