Dabaru na amfani da na'urorin gani da yawa da kuma aurensu don kan-chip: bita

Dabaru na amfani da na'urorin hangen nesa da kuma aurensu don yin amfani da na'urar hangen nesa da kumasadarwa ta fiber na gani: bita

Dabaru na Multiplexing na gani babban batu ne na bincike, kuma masana a duk faɗin duniya suna gudanar da bincike mai zurfi a wannan fanni. Tsawon shekaru, an gabatar da fasahohin multiplex da yawa kamar su Multiplexing na Division Multiplexing (WDM), Multiplexing na Division Multiplexing (MDM), Multiplexing na Division Space (SDM), Polarization Multiplexing (PDM) da Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexing (OAMM). Fasahar Multiplexing na Division Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) tana ba da damar watsa siginar gani guda biyu ko fiye na tsawon rai daban-daban a lokaci guda ta hanyar zare ɗaya, ta yin amfani da halayen ƙarancin asara na zare a cikin babban kewayon tsawon rai. Delange ne ya fara gabatar da ka'idar a shekarar 1970, kuma sai a shekarar 1977 ne aka fara binciken fasahar WDM, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan aikace-aikacen hanyoyin sadarwa. Tun daga lokacin, tare da ci gaba da haɓakaZaren gani, tushen haske, na'urar gano hotoda sauran fannoni, binciken mutane game da fasahar WDM ya kuma hanzarta. Fa'idar yawan watsa sigina (PDM) ita ce ana iya ninka adadin watsa sigina, saboda ana iya rarraba sigina guda biyu masu zaman kansu a matsayin polarization na orthogonal na hasken haske iri ɗaya, kuma ana raba hanyoyin polarization guda biyu kuma ana gano su daban-daban a ƙarshen karɓa.

Yayin da buƙatar ƙarin ƙimar bayanai ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa, an yi nazari sosai kan matakin ƙarshe na 'yancin yin amfani da sararin samaniya, sararin samaniya, a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. Daga cikinsu, galibi ana samar da nau'ikan rarraba yanayin (MDM) ta hanyar masu watsa N, wanda ake samu ta hanyar nau'ikan yanayin sararin samaniya. A ƙarshe, siginar da yanayin sararin samaniya ke tallafawa ana aika ta zuwa ƙananan zare. A lokacin yaɗuwar sigina, duk hanyoyin da ke kan tsawon tsayi ɗaya ana ɗaukar su a matsayin naúrar babban tashar sararin samaniya (SDM), watau ana ƙara su, ana rage su kuma ana ƙara su a lokaci guda, ba tare da samun damar cimma sarrafa yanayin daban ba. A cikin MDM, ana sanya nau'ikan wurare daban-daban (wato, siffofi daban-daban) na tsari ga tashoshi daban-daban. Misali, ana aika tashar ta kan hasken laser wanda aka siffanta shi kamar alwatika, murabba'i, ko da'ira. Siffofin da MDM ke amfani da su a aikace-aikacen duniya na gaske sun fi rikitarwa kuma suna da halaye na lissafi da na zahiri na musamman. Wannan fasaha za a iya cewa ita ce babbar nasara a watsa bayanai na fiber optic tun daga shekarun 1980. Fasahar MDM tana samar da sabuwar dabara don aiwatar da ƙarin tashoshi da kuma ƙara ƙarfin haɗin kai ta amfani da mai ɗaukar igiya mai tsawon rai ɗaya. Motsin kusurwar orbital (OAM) siffa ce ta zahiri ta raƙuman lantarki wanda hanyar yaduwa ke ƙayyade ta hanyar hanyar helical phase wavefront. Tunda ana iya amfani da wannan fasalin don kafa tashoshi daban-daban da yawa, multiplexing mara waya ta orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) na iya ƙara yawan watsawa yadda ya kamata a cikin watsawa mai tsayi zuwa maki (kamar backhaul mara waya ko gaba).