Hanyoyi masu yawa na gani da kuma aurensu don kan-chip: bita

Dabarun multixing na gani da auren su don kan-chip dasadarwa fiber na gani: bita

Dabarun multixing na gani wani batu ne na bincike na gaggawa, kuma masana a duk faɗin duniya suna gudanar da bincike mai zurfi a wannan fanni. A cikin shekaru da yawa, yawancin fasahohin multix irin su raƙuman raƙuman raƙuman raƙuman ruwa (WDM), rarraba multixing (MDM), rarraba sararin samaniya (SDM), polarization multiplexing (PDM) da kuma orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) an gabatar da su. Fasahar Rarraba Tsawon Wavelength (WDM) tana ba da damar isar da siginar gani biyu ko fiye na tsawon zango daban-daban don watsawa lokaci guda ta hanyar fiber guda ɗaya, yana yin cikakken amfani da ƙarancin ƙarancin fiber ɗin a cikin babban kewayon tsayin igiyoyin. Delange ne ya fara gabatar da wannan ka'idar a cikin 1970, kuma sai a shekara ta 1977 aka fara bincike na asali na fasahar WDM, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan aikace-aikacen hanyoyin sadarwa. Tun daga nan, tare da ci gaba da ci gaba nafiber na gani, tushen haske, mai daukar hotoda sauran fagage, binciken da mutane ke yi na fasahar WDM ya kuma ƙara haɓaka. Amfanin polarization multiplexing (PDM) shine cewa za'a iya ninka adadin siginar siginar, saboda ana iya rarraba sigina masu zaman kansu guda biyu a matsayi na polarization na orthogonal na wannan bishiyar haske, kuma an raba tashoshi biyu na polarization kuma an gano su a kansu. karbar karshen.

Yayin da ake ci gaba da bunƙasa buƙatun ƙimar ƙimar bayanai, matakin ƙarshe na 'yancin yin yawa, sarari, an yi nazari sosai cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata. Daga cikin su, yanayin rarraba multixing (MDM) galibi ana samar da shi ta hanyar N masu watsawa, wanda aka gane ta hanyar multixer yanayin sararin samaniya. A ƙarshe, siginar da ke goyan bayan yanayin sararin samaniya ana watsa shi zuwa ƙananan yanayin fiber. A lokacin yaduwar sigina, duk hanyoyin da ke kan tsawon zango ɗaya ana kula da su azaman naúrar tashoshi mai girma na Space Division multiplexing (SDM), watau ana ƙara su, an rage su kuma an ƙara su lokaci guda, ba tare da samun damar sarrafa yanayin daban ba. A cikin MDM, nau'i-nau'i daban-daban (wato, siffofi daban-daban) na tsari an sanya su zuwa tashoshi daban-daban. Misali, ana aika tasha a kan katakon laser mai siffa kamar triangle, murabba'i, ko da'ira. Siffofin da MDM ke amfani da su a aikace-aikace na zahiri sun fi rikitarwa kuma suna da halaye na musamman na lissafi da na zahiri. Wannan fasaha za a iya cewa ita ce mafi girman ci gaban juyin juya hali a cikin watsa bayanan fiber optic tun shekarun 1980. Fasahar MDM tana ba da sabon dabara don aiwatar da ƙarin tashoshi da haɓaka ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa ta amfani da jigilar igiya guda ɗaya. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) sifa ce ta zahiri ta raƙuman ruwa na lantarki wanda a cikinsa ne aka ƙaddara hanyar yaɗuwa ta gaban wavefront. Tun da ana iya amfani da wannan fasalin don kafa tashoshi daban-daban, mara waya ta orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) na iya haɓaka ƙimar watsawa a cikin manyan watsawa (kamar mara waya ta baya ko gaba).