Sadarwar Wayar Hannu ta Optical Wireless (OWC) wani nau'i ne na sadarwa ta gani inda ake watsa sigina ta amfani da hasken da ba a iya gani, infrared (IR), ko ultraviolet (UV) ba tare da jagora ba.
Sau da yawa ana kiran tsarin OWC da ke aiki a tsawon tsayin daka (390 - 750 nm) da sadarwa ta haske (VLC). Tsarin VLC yana amfani da diodes masu fitar da haske (LEDs) kuma yana iya bugawa a cikin sauri mai yawa ba tare da tasirin haske da idon ɗan adam ba. Ana iya amfani da VLC a cikin aikace-aikace iri-iri ciki har da LAN mara waya, LAN na sirri mara waya da hanyar sadarwar abin hawa. A gefe guda kuma, tsarin OWC mai tushe-zuwa-maki na ƙasa, wanda aka fi sani da tsarin optics na sararin samaniya kyauta (FSO), suna aiki a mitoci kusa-infrared (750 - 1600 nm). Waɗannan tsarin galibi suna amfani da masu fitar da laser kuma suna ba da hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo masu inganci tare da ƙimar bayanai mai yawa (watau 10 Gbit/s a kowace tsawon rai) kuma suna ba da mafita mai yuwuwa ga matsalolin da ke tasowa. Sha'awar sadarwa ta ultraviolet (UVC) kuma tana ƙaruwa saboda ci gaba da aka samu kwanan nan a cikin tushen haske/masu gano haske masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke aiki a cikin bakan UV mai makanta rana (200 - 280 nm). A cikin wannan abin da ake kira zurfin ultraviolet, hasken rana ba shi da yawa a matakin ƙasa, wanda hakan ya sa aka tsara na'urar gano ƙwayoyin photon tare da mai karɓar faifan fili wanda ke ƙara kuzarin da aka karɓa ba tare da ƙara ƙarin hayaniyar bango ba.
Shekaru da dama, sha'awar sadarwa ta hanyar amfani da na'urar hangen nesa ta takaita ne kawai ga aikace-aikacen soja na ɓoye da aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya, gami da hanyoyin haɗin tauraron ɗan adam da sararin samaniya mai zurfi. Zuwa yanzu, shigar kasuwar OWC ta iyakance, amma IrDA mafita ce mai nasara sosai ta hanyar watsawa ta gajeriyar hanya mara waya.
Daga haɗin na'urar hangen nesa a cikin da'irori masu haɗawa zuwa hanyoyin haɗin ginin waje zuwa hanyoyin sadarwa na tauraron dan adam, bambance-bambancen sadarwa mara waya ta gani ana iya amfani da su a cikin aikace-aikacen sadarwa iri-iri.
Za a iya raba sadarwa mara waya ta gani zuwa rukuni biyar bisa ga kewayon watsawa:
1. Nisa mai ɗan gajeren lokaci
Sadarwar Interchip a cikin fakitin da aka tara kuma aka cika da guntu mai yawa.
2. Gajerun nisan tafiya
A cikin daidaitaccen IEEE 802.15.7, sadarwa ta ƙarƙashin ruwa a ƙarƙashin mara waya ta Body Local Area Network (WBAN) da aikace-aikacen mara waya ta Personal Local Area Network (WPAN).
3. Matsakaicin kewayon
Sadarwar IR ta cikin gida da kuma hasken da ake iya gani (VLC) don hanyoyin sadarwa na gida mara waya (WLans) da kuma sadarwa tsakanin ababen hawa da ababen hawa zuwa ababen more rayuwa.
Mataki na 4: Na Nesa
Haɗin haɗin gwiwa, wanda kuma aka sani da sadarwa ta sararin samaniya kyauta (FSO).
5. Ƙarin nisa
Sadarwar Laser a sararin samaniya, musamman don haɗin gwiwa tsakanin tauraron dan adam da kuma kafa taurarin tauraron dan adam.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-01-2023