Sadarwar Wireless Communication (OWC) wani nau'i ne na sadarwa na gani wanda ake watsa sigina a cikinsa ta amfani da hasken bayyane, infrared (IR), ko hasken ultraviolet (UV).
Tsarukan OWC da ke aiki a tsayin raƙuman gani (390 — 750 nm) galibi ana kiransu da sadarwar haske mai gani (VLC). Tsarin VLC suna amfani da diodes masu fitar da haske (led) kuma suna iya bugun jini a cikin sauri sosai ba tare da tasirin gani akan fitowar haske da idon ɗan adam ba. Ana iya amfani da VLC a cikin aikace-aikace da yawa da suka haɗa da LAN mara waya, LAN na sirri mara waya da sadarwar abin hawa. A gefe guda, tsarin OWC na tushen tushe-zuwa-aya, wanda kuma aka sani da tsarin sararin samaniya na kyauta (FSO), yana aiki a mitoci na kusa-infrared (750 - 1600 nm). Waɗannan tsarin yawanci suna amfani da fiɗar Laser kuma suna ba da hanyoyin haɗin kai na gaskiya mai inganci tare da ƙimar bayanai masu yawa (watau 10 Gbit/s a kowane tsayin tsayi) kuma suna ba da yuwuwar mafita ga ƙullawar baya. Har ila yau, sha'awar sadarwa ta ultraviolet (UVC) tana haɓaka saboda ci gaban kwanan nan a cikin maɓuɓɓuka masu haske / masu ganowa waɗanda ke aiki a cikin bakan UV mai makafi (200 - 280 nm). A cikin wannan abin da ake kira zurfin ultraviolet band, hasken rana ba shi da komai a matakin ƙasa, yana ba da damar ƙirƙira na'urar ganowa ta photon tare da mai karɓar fage mai faɗi wanda ke ƙara ƙarfin da aka karɓa ba tare da ƙara ƙarin amo ba.
Shekaru da yawa, sha'awar sadarwar mara waya ta gani an iyakance ta farko ga aikace-aikacen soja na sirri da aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya ciki har da intersatellite da zurfin hanyoyin haɗin sararin samaniya. Ya zuwa yau, an iyakance yawan shigar kasuwar OWC, amma IrDA mafita ce ta gajeriyar gajeriyar hanya mara waya ta nasara.
Daga haɗin kai na gani a haɗaɗɗun da'irori zuwa hanyoyin haɗin ginin waje zuwa sadarwar tauraron dan adam, ana iya amfani da bambance-bambancen sadarwar mara waya ta gani a cikin aikace-aikacen sadarwa iri-iri.
Ana iya raba sadarwa mara waya ta gani zuwa kashi biyar bisa ga kewayon watsawa:
1. Super gajere nesa
Sadarwar interchip a cikin ruɓaɓɓen fakitin guntu da yawa.
2. Tazara kaɗan
A cikin ma'auni IEEE 802.15.7, sadarwar ruwa a ƙarƙashin cibiyar sadarwa ta gida mara waya ta Jiki (WBAN) da aikace-aikacen Wurin Wuta na Keɓaɓɓen Mara waya (WPAN).
3. Matsakaici kewayo
IR na cikin gida da sadarwar haske mai gani (VLC) don cibiyoyin sadarwar yanki mara waya (WLans) da kuma abin hawa-zuwa-mota da sadarwar abin hawa-zuwa-kayan aiki.
Mataki na 4: Nesa
Haɗin haɗin ginin, wanda kuma aka sani da sadarwar sararin gani kyauta (FSO).
5. Karin nisa
Sadarwar Laser a sararin samaniya, musamman don haɗin kai tsakanin tauraron dan adam da kafa tauraron dan adam.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-01-2023