Menene tsefewar mitar gani ta lantarki (electro-optic modulator)? Kashi na Ɗaya

Takobin mitar gani wani bakan ne da ya ƙunshi jerin abubuwan da ke cikin mitar da aka raba daidai a kan bakan, waɗanda za a iya samar da su ta hanyar lasers, resonators, komasu daidaita wutar lantarki. Tambarin mitar gani da aka samar ta hanyarmasu daidaita wutar lantarkisuna da halaye na yawan maimaitawa mai yawa, busarwa ta ciki da kuma ƙarfin aiki mai yawa, da sauransu, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a cikin daidaita kayan aiki, nazarin spectroscopy, ko kimiyyar lissafi ta asali, kuma sun jawo hankalin masu bincike da yawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

Kwanan nan, Alexandre Parriaux da wasu daga Jami'ar Burgendi da ke Faransa sun buga wani takarda a cikin mujallar Advances in Optics and Photonics, inda suka gabatar da sabbin ci gaban bincike da kuma amfani da tsefewar mitar gani da aka samar ta hanyar amfani da na'urar hangen nesa.daidaitawar lantarki: Ya haɗa da gabatar da tsefe mai amfani da hasken rana, hanya da halayen tsefe mai amfani da hasken rana wanda aka samar ta hanyarna'urar sarrafa na'urar lantarki (electro-optical modulator), kuma a ƙarshe ya lissafa yanayin aikace-aikacenna'urar sarrafa na'urar lantarki (electro-optical modulator)cikakken bayani game da tsefewar mitar gani, gami da amfani da daidaiton bakan, tsangwama tsakanin tsefewar tsefe mai gani biyu, daidaita kayan aiki da samar da yanayin raƙuman ruwa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, kuma ya tattauna ƙa'idar da ke bayan aikace-aikace daban-daban. A ƙarshe, marubucin ya ba da damar fasahar tsefewar mitar gani ta lantarki (electro-optic modulator).

01 Bayani

Shekaru 60 da suka gabata a wannan watan ne Dr. Maiman ya ƙirƙiro na'urar laser ta ruby ​​ta farko. Shekaru huɗu bayan haka, Hargrove, Fock da Pollack na Bell Laboratories a Amurka su ne suka fara bayar da rahoton kulle yanayin aiki da aka samu a cikin na'urorin laser na helium-neon, ana wakiltar bakan laser mai kulle yanayin a cikin yankin lokaci a matsayin fitar da bugun jini, a cikin yankin mita akwai jerin layukan gajeru masu rarrabewa da daidaito, waɗanda suka yi kama da amfani da tsefe na yau da kullun, don haka muna kiran wannan bakan "tsefe na mitar gani". Ana kiransa "tsefe na mitar gani".

Saboda kyakkyawan damar amfani da tsefe na gani, an ba da kyautar Nobel a fannin kimiyyar lissafi a shekarar 2005 ga Hansch da Hall, waɗanda suka fara aiki a fannin fasahar tsefe na gani, tun daga lokacin, ci gaban tsefe na gani ya kai wani sabon mataki. Saboda aikace-aikace daban-daban suna da buƙatu daban-daban na tsefe na gani, kamar wutar lantarki, tazara tsakanin layi da kuma tsawon rai na tsakiya, wannan ya haifar da buƙatar amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na gwaji don samar da tsefe na gani, kamar lasers masu kulle yanayin, micro-resonators da electro-optical modulator.

FIG. 1. Tsarin lokaci da kuma tsarin mita na tsefewar mitar gani
Tushen hoto: tsefewar mitar lantarki

Tun bayan gano tsefewar mitar gani, yawancin tsefewar mitar gani an samar da su ne ta amfani da lasers masu kulle yanayin. A cikin lasers masu kulle yanayin, ana amfani da rami mai lokacin tafiya na τ don gyara dangantakar lokaci tsakanin yanayin tsayi, don tantance yawan maimaitawar laser, wanda gabaɗaya zai iya kasancewa daga megahertz (MHz) zuwa gigahertz (GHz).

Tabon mitar gani da micro-resonator ke samarwa ya dogara ne akan tasirin da ba na layi ba, kuma lokacin tafiya da dawowa ana ƙayyade shi ta hanyar tsawon ramin, saboda tsawon ramin bai wuce 1mm ba, tsebon mitar gani da ƙaramin rami ke samarwa gabaɗaya shine 10 gigahertz zuwa 1 terahertz. Akwai nau'ikan ƙananan ramuka guda uku da aka saba amfani da su, ƙananan tubules, ƙananan ramuka da ƙananan ramuka. Ta amfani da tasirin da ba na layi ba a cikin zaruruwan gani, kamar Brillouin scattering ko haɗa raƙuman ruwa huɗu, tare da ƙananan ramuka, ana iya samar da tsebon mitar gani a cikin dubun nanometers. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya samar da tsebon mitar gani ta amfani da wasu masu daidaita acousto-optic.