Fa'idodi da mahimmancin fim ɗin lithium niobate na bakin ciki a cikin fasahar photon microwave hadedde
Microwave fasahar photonyana da abũbuwan amfãni na babban bandwidth aiki, ƙarfin aiki mai ƙarfi na daidaitawa da ƙarancin watsawa, wanda ke da yuwuwar karya ƙwanƙolin fasaha na tsarin microwave na gargajiya da haɓaka aikin kayan aikin bayanan lantarki na soja kamar radar, yaƙin lantarki, sadarwa da aunawa da sarrafawa. Koyaya, tsarin photon na microwave wanda ya dogara da na'urori masu hankali yana da wasu matsaloli kamar girman girma, nauyi mai nauyi da rashin kwanciyar hankali, wanda ke da matuƙar taƙaita aikace-aikacen fasahar photon microwave a sararin samaniya da dandamali na iska. Saboda haka, haɗaɗɗen fasahar photon na microwave yana zama muhimmin tallafi don karya aikace-aikacen photon na microwave a cikin tsarin bayanan lantarki na soja da ba da cikakkiyar wasa ga fa'idodin fasahar photon microwave.
A halin yanzu, fasahar haɗin kai ta hanyar SI da fasahar haɗin kai ta hoto ta INP ta ƙara girma bayan shekaru da yawa na ci gaba a fagen sadarwa na gani, kuma an saka kayayyaki da yawa a kasuwa. Duk da haka, don aikace-aikacen photon na microwave, akwai wasu matsaloli a cikin waɗannan nau'o'in fasaha na haɗin gwiwar photon guda biyu: alal misali, madaidaicin electro-optical coefficient na Si modulator da InP modulator ya saba wa babban layi da kuma manyan halaye masu ƙarfi da fasaha ta microwave photon ke bi; Misali, Silicon Tantancewar na'urar da ke gane canjin hanyar gani, ko ta dogara da tasirin thermal-optical, tasirin piezoelectric, ko tasirin watsawar allura mai ɗaukar nauyi, yana da matsalolin jinkirin sauyawar saurin gudu, amfani da wutar lantarki da amfani da zafi, wanda ba zai iya saduwa da saurin bitar bim da manyan sikelin aikace-aikacen hoto na microwave ba.
Lithium niobate ya kasance zaɓi na farko don babban guduna'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na lantarkikayan saboda kyakkyawan tasirin sa na lantarki na linzamin kwamfuta. Koyaya, lithium niobate na gargajiyaelectro-Optical modulatoran yi shi da babban kayan kristal na lithium niobate, kuma girman na'urar yana da girma sosai, wanda ba zai iya biyan buƙatun fasahar fasahar photon microwave hadedde ba. Yadda za a haɗa kayan lithium niobate tare da madaidaicin electro-optical coefficient cikin haɗaɗɗen tsarin fasahar photon na microwave ya zama burin masu binciken da suka dace. A cikin 2018, ƙungiyar bincike daga Jami'ar Harvard a Amurka ta fara ba da rahoton fasahar haɗin kai ta photonic dangane da fim ɗin lithium niobate na Nature na bakin ciki, saboda fasahar tana da fa'idodin babban haɗin gwiwa, babban bandwidth na gani na lantarki, da babban layin wutar lantarki na gani, da zarar an ƙaddamar da shi, nan da nan ya haifar da hankalin ilimi da masana'antu a fagen haɗin kai na photonic da microwave photonic. Daga mahangar aikace-aikacen photon na microwave, wannan takarda tana duba tasiri da mahimmancin fasahar haɗin gwiwar photon dangane da siriri fim lithium niobate akan haɓaka fasahar photon microwave.
Bakin fim lithium niobate abu da bakin ciki fimlithium niobate modulator
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan biyu, wani sabon nau'in kayan lithium niobate ya fito, wato, fim din lithium niobate an cire shi daga babban lithium niobate crystal ta hanyar "yankakken ion" kuma an haɗa shi da Si wafer tare da silica buffer Layer don samar da LNOI (LiNbO3-On-Insulator, wanda ake kira da fim na bakin ciki). Ridge waveguides da tsawo fiye da 100 nanometers za a iya etched a kan bakin ciki fim lithium niobate kayan ta hanyar inganta bushe etching tsari, da kuma tasiri refractive index bambanci na waveguides kafa zai iya kai fiye da 0.8 (nisa mafi girma fiye da refractive index bambanci na gargajiya lithium niobate waveguides na 0.021 da saukin nuna shi). daidaita filin haske tare da filin microwave lokacin zayyana na'ura. Don haka, yana da fa'ida don cimma ƙananan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na rabin-ƙara da babban bandwidth na daidaitawa a cikin ɗan gajeren tsayi.
Bayyanar ƙarancin asara lithium niobate submicron waveguide yana karya ƙwanƙarar babban ƙarfin lantarki na al'adar lithium niobate electro-optic modulator. Za a iya rage tazarar lantarki zuwa ~ 5 μm, kuma abin da ke tsakanin filin lantarki da filin yanayin gani yana ƙaruwa sosai, kuma vπ · L yana raguwa daga fiye da 20 V · cm zuwa ƙasa da 2.8 V · cm. Sabili da haka, a ƙarƙashin irin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na rabin-wave, za a iya rage tsawon na'urar sosai idan aka kwatanta da na'ura na gargajiya. A lokaci guda, bayan inganta ma'auni na nisa, kauri da tazara na lantarki na igiyar tafiya, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi, na'urar na'ura na iya samun damar yin amfani da ultra-high modulation bandwidth fiye da 100 GHz.
Fig.1 (a) rarraba yanayin da aka ƙididdigewa da (b) hoton giciye-ɓangaren LN waveguide
Fig.2 (a) Waveguide da tsarin lantarki da (b) coreplate na LN modulator
Kwatanta na'urorin lithium niobate na fim na bakin ciki tare da na'urorin kasuwanci na lithium niobate na gargajiya, masu amfani da siliki da indium phosphide (InP) masu daidaitawa da sauran na'urori masu saurin sauri na lantarki, manyan sigogin kwatancen sun haɗa da:
(1) Samfurin tsawon rabin-wave volt (vπ · L, V·cm), yana auna ingancin na'ura mai daidaitawa, ƙarami ƙimar, mafi girman ingancin daidaitawa;
(2) 3 dB gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare na bandwidth (GHz), wanda ke auna amsawar mai daidaitawa zuwa matsakaicin mita mai girma;
(3) Asarar shigar da gani (dB) a cikin yankin daidaitawa. Ana iya gani daga tebur cewa sikirin fim ɗin lithium niobate modulator yana da fa'ida a bayyane a cikin bandwidth na daidaitawa, wutar lantarki ta rabin-wave, asarar interpolation na gani da sauransu.
Silicon, a matsayin ginshiƙin haɗaɗɗen optoelectronics, an haɓaka shi ya zuwa yanzu, tsarin ya balaga, ƙarancinsa yana da amfani ga babban haɗin kai na na'urori masu aiki / m, kuma an yi nazari mai zurfi sosai a fagen sadarwa na gani. Na'urar daidaitawa ta lantarki ta siliki ita ce mafi yawan jigilar jigilar kaya, allurar jigilar kaya da tarawar jigilar kaya. Daga cikin su, bandwidth na modulator yana da mafi kyau duka tare da na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto mai layi mai layi, amma saboda rarrabawar filin sararin samaniya ya mamaye tare da rashin daidaituwa na yanki na lalacewa, wannan tasirin zai gabatar da rikice-rikicen tsari na biyu ba tare da layi ba da kuma sharuddan murdiya na tsaka-tsaki na uku, haɗe tare da tasirin sha na mai ɗaukar hoto akan hasken wuta, wanda zai haifar da raguwar sigina.
InP modulator yana da fitattun tasirin electro-optical, kuma tsarin rijiyar adadi mai yawa na iya gane matsananciyar ƙima da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki tare da Vπ · L har zuwa 0.156V · mm. Koyaya, bambance-bambancen firikwensin refractive tare da filin lantarki ya haɗa da madaidaiciyar kalmomi da kalmomin da ba na layi ba, kuma haɓaka ƙarfin filin lantarki zai sa tasirin tsari na biyu ya shahara. Saboda haka, silicon da InP electro-optic modulators suna buƙatar amfani da son rai don samar da haɗin pn lokacin da suke aiki, kuma haɗin pn zai kawo asarar sha ga haske. Koyaya, girman modulator na waɗannan biyun ƙarami ne, girman InP modulator na kasuwanci shine 1/4 na ƙirar LN. Haɓaka haɓakawa mai girma, dacewa da babban yawa da gajeriyar hanyar sadarwar watsawar gani na dijital kamar cibiyoyin bayanai. Tasirin electro-optical na lithium niobate ba shi da tsarin ɗaukar haske da ƙarancin asara, wanda ya dace da daidaituwar nesa mai nisa.sadarwa na ganitare da babban iya aiki da babban kudi. A cikin aikace-aikacen photon na microwave, ma'aunin lantarki-na gani na Si da InP ba su da tushe, wanda bai dace da tsarin photon na microwave ba wanda ke bin babban layi da kuma babban tasiri. Abun lithium niobate ya dace sosai don aikace-aikacen photon na microwave saboda madaidaicin tsarin daidaitawa na lantarki-optic gabaɗaya.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-22-2024