Na'urar gano hasken lithium niobate mai siriri (LN)

Na'urar gano hasken lithium niobate mai siriri (LN)

Lithium niobate (LN) yana da tsarin kristal na musamman da kuma tasirin jiki mai yawa, kamar tasirin da ba na layi ba, tasirin electro-optic, tasirin pyroelectric, da tasirin piezoelectric. A lokaci guda, yana da fa'idodin taga mai faɗi da kuma kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci. Waɗannan halaye sun sanya LN muhimmin dandamali ga sabon ƙarni na haɗakar photonics. A cikin na'urorin gani da tsarin optoelectronic, halayen LN na iya samar da ayyuka da aiki masu yawa, suna haɓaka haɓaka sadarwa ta gani, ƙirar gani, da filayen ji na gani. Duk da haka, saboda raunin sha da kuma kaddarorin kariya na lithium niobate, haɗakar aikace-aikacen lithium niobate har yanzu yana fuskantar matsalar ganowa mai wahala. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, rahotanni a cikin wannan fanni galibi sun haɗa da masu gano photodetectors masu haɗakar waveguide da masu gano photodetectors masu haɗakarwa.
Mai gano haske mai haɗakarwa na jagorar waveguide bisa lithium niobate yawanci yana mai da hankali ne akan hanyar sadarwa ta gani ta C-band (1525-1565nm). Dangane da aiki, LN galibi yana taka rawar raƙuman jagora, yayin da aikin gano optoelectronic ya dogara ne kawai akan semiconductors kamar silicon, semiconductors na rukuni na III-V, da kayan girma biyu. A cikin irin wannan tsarin, ana watsa haske ta hanyar jagororin waveguide na gani na lithium niobate tare da ƙarancin asara, sannan a sha shi ta wasu kayan semiconductor bisa ga tasirin photoelectric (kamar ɗaukar hoto ko tasirin photovoltaic) don ƙara yawan mai ɗaukar kaya da kuma canza shi zuwa siginar lantarki don fitarwa. Fa'idodin sune babban bandwidth na aiki (~GHz), ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na aiki, ƙaramin girma, da dacewa da haɗa guntu na photonic. Duk da haka, saboda rabuwar sarari na lithium niobate da kayan semiconductor, kodayake kowannensu yana yin nasa ayyukan, LN yana taka rawa ne kawai wajen jagorantar raƙuman ruwa kuma ba a yi amfani da sauran kyawawan kaddarorin ƙasashen waje sosai ba. Kayan Semiconductor suna taka rawa kawai a cikin canza photoelectric kuma ba su da haɗin gwiwa mai dacewa da juna, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin hanyar aiki. Dangane da takamaiman aiwatarwa, haɗa haske daga tushen haske zuwa jagorar hasken lithium niobate yana haifar da asara mai yawa da kuma buƙatun tsari mai tsauri. Bugu da ƙari, ainihin ƙarfin gani na hasken da aka haska a kan tashar na'urar semiconductor a yankin haɗin gwiwa yana da wahalar daidaitawa, wanda ke iyakance aikin gano shi.
Na gargajiyamasu daukar hotoAna amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen daukar hoto yawanci akan kayan semiconductor. Saboda haka, ga lithium niobate, ƙarancin saurin shan haske da kaddarorin rufewa sun sa babu shakka ba ya fifita masu binciken photodetector, har ma da mawuyacin hali a fagen. Duk da haka, haɓaka fasahar heterojunction a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya kawo bege ga binciken photodetectors bisa lithium niobate. Sauran kayan da ke da ƙarfin sha haske ko kyakkyawan watsawa za a iya haɗa su da lithium niobate don rama gazawarsa. A lokaci guda, polarization na bazata ya haifar da halayen pyroelectric na lithium niobate saboda tsarin anisotropy ɗinsa ana iya sarrafa shi ta hanyar canzawa zuwa zafi a ƙarƙashin hasken haske, ta haka ne ake canza halayen pyroelectric don gano optoelectronic. Wannan tasirin zafi yana da fa'idodin wideband da tuƙi kai tsaye, kuma ana iya haɗa shi da sauran kayan. Amfani da tasirin zafi da na lantarki tare ya buɗe sabon zamani ga photodetectors bisa lithium niobate, yana ba da damar na'urori su haɗa fa'idodin tasirin biyu. Kuma don rama gazawar da cimma haɗin kai na fa'idodi, Yana da wurin bincike a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Bugu da ƙari, amfani da dasa ion, injiniyan band, da injiniyan lahani suma kyakkyawan zaɓi ne don magance wahalar gano lithium niobate. Duk da haka, saboda wahalar sarrafawa mai yawa na lithium niobate, wannan fanni har yanzu yana fuskantar manyan ƙalubale kamar ƙarancin haɗin kai, na'urori da tsarin daukar hoto, da rashin isasshen aiki, wanda ke da babban ƙima da sarari na bincike.

Hoto na 1, ta amfani da yanayin kuzarin lahani a cikin bandgap na LN a matsayin cibiyoyin bayar da wutar lantarki, ana samar da masu ɗaukar caji kyauta a cikin band ɗin watsawa a ƙarƙashin hasken da ake iya gani. Idan aka kwatanta da na baya, masu gano hasken LN na pyroelectric, waɗanda galibi ana iyakance su zuwa saurin amsawa na kusan 100Hz, wannanna'urar gano hoto ta LNyana da saurin amsawa mai sauri har zuwa 10kHz. A halin yanzu, a cikin wannan aikin, an nuna cewa LN mai ɗauke da magnesium ion zai iya cimma daidaitaccen haske na waje tare da amsawa har zuwa 10kHz. Wannan aikin yana haɓaka bincike kan babban aiki damasu gano hotunan LN masu sauriwajen gina kwakwalwan LN photonic masu cikakken aiki guda ɗaya.
A taƙaice, fannin bincike nana'urorin gano hasken lithium niobate masu sirarayana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci a fannin kimiyya da kuma babban ƙarfin amfani da shi. A nan gaba, tare da haɓaka fasaha da zurfafa bincike, na'urorin gano ƙwayoyin cuta na thin film lithium niobate (LN) za su haɓaka zuwa ga haɗin kai mafi girma. Haɗa hanyoyin haɗa ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban don cimma babban aiki, saurin amsawa, da kuma na'urorin gano ƙwayoyin cuta na thin film lithium niobate masu faɗi a kowane fanni zai zama gaskiya, wanda zai inganta ci gaban haɗin kan-guntu da filayen ji da hankali, da kuma samar da ƙarin dama ga sabbin hanyoyin amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta.