A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masu bincike daga ƙasashe daban-daban sun yi amfani da na'urorin photonics masu haɗaka don cimma nasarar sarrafa raƙuman hasken infrared da kuma amfani da su a kan hanyoyin sadarwa na 5G masu sauri, na'urori masu auna guntu, da motocin da ke aiki a kansu. A halin yanzu, tare da ci gaba da zurfafa wannan alkiblar bincike, masu bincike sun fara gudanar da zurfafa gano gajerun hanyoyin hasken da ake iya gani da kuma haɓaka aikace-aikace masu yawa, kamar gilashin LIDAR, AR/VR/MR (ingantawa/ƙwaƙwalwa/haɗin gwiwa) Gilashin, nunin holographic, guntun sarrafa kwantum, binciken optogenetic da aka dasa a cikin kwakwalwa, da sauransu.
Babban haɗin kai na masu daidaita yanayin haske shine ginshiƙin tsarin hasken don hanyar sadarwa ta gani ta kan-chip da kuma siffanta yanayin sararin samaniya kyauta. Waɗannan manyan ayyuka guda biyu suna da mahimmanci don aiwatar da aikace-aikace daban-daban. Duk da haka, ga masu daidaita yanayin haske a cikin kewayon haske da ake iya gani, yana da matuƙar ƙalubale a cika buƙatun watsawa mai yawa da kuma babban daidaitawa a lokaci guda. Don biyan wannan buƙata, har ma da kayan silicon nitride da lithium niobate mafi dacewa suna buƙatar ƙara girma da amfani da wutar lantarki.
Domin magance wannan matsala, Michal Lipson da Nanfang Yu na Jami'ar Columbia sun tsara wani na'urar daidaita yanayin zafi ta silicon nitride bisa ga na'urar daidaita sautin adiabatic micro-ring. Sun tabbatar da cewa na'urar daidaita sautin ta micro-ring tana aiki a cikin yanayin haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi. Na'urar na iya cimma daidaitaccen yanayin zafi tare da ƙarancin asara. Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin daidaita yanayin zafi na yau da kullun, na'urar tana da aƙalla tsarin rage girman sarari da amfani da wutar lantarki. An buga abubuwan da suka shafi wannan a cikin Nature Photonics.
Michal Lipson, ƙwararre a fannin haɗakar na'urorin photonics, wanda aka yi amfani da silicon nitride, ya ce: "Mabuɗin mafita da muka gabatar shine amfani da na'urar resonator ta gani da kuma aiki a cikin abin da ake kira yanayin haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi."
Resonator na gani tsari ne mai matuƙar daidaito, wanda zai iya canza ƙaramin canjin ma'aunin haske zuwa canjin lokaci ta hanyar zagayowar hasken haske da yawa. Gabaɗaya, ana iya raba shi zuwa yanayi uku daban-daban na aiki: "ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwa" da "ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwa." Haɗin gwiwa mai mahimmanci" da "ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa." Daga cikinsu, "ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwa" zai iya samar da daidaitaccen yanayin lokaci kawai kuma zai gabatar da canje-canjen girma da ba dole ba, kuma "ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwa mai mahimmanci" zai haifar da asarar gani mai yawa, ta haka yana shafar ainihin aikin na'urar.
Domin cimma cikakkiyar daidaitawar matakai 2π da kuma ƙaramin canjin girma, ƙungiyar bincike ta sarrafa microring a cikin yanayin "haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi". Ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin microring da "bas" ya fi aƙalla sau goma fiye da asarar microring. Bayan jerin ƙira da haɓakawa, an nuna tsarin ƙarshe a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Wannan zobe ne mai resonant tare da faɗin taurare. Ɓangaren jagorar raƙuman ruwa mai kunkuntar yana inganta ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin "bas" da micro-coil. Faɗin ɓangaren jagorar raƙuman ruwa Ana rage asarar hasken microring ta hanyar rage watsawar gani na bangon gefe.
Heqing Huang, marubucin farko na wannan takarda, ya kuma ce: "Mun tsara ƙaramin na'urar daidaita haske mai sauƙin gani, mai adana kuzari, kuma mai ƙarancin asara mai saurin haske mai radius na 5 μm kawai da kuma amfani da ƙarfin daidaitawa na π-phase na 0.8 mW kawai. Bambancin girman da aka gabatar bai wuce 10% ba. Abin da ya fi wahala shi ne cewa wannan na'urar daidaita haske tana da tasiri daidai gwargwado ga mafi wahalar madaukai masu shuɗi da kore a cikin bakan da ake gani."
Nanfang Yu ya kuma nuna cewa duk da cewa ba su kai matsayin haɗakar kayayyakin lantarki ba, aikinsu ya rage gibin da ke tsakanin makullan photonic da makullan lantarki sosai. "Idan fasahar modulator ta baya ta ba da damar haɗa makullan lokaci guda 100 na jagorar waveguide kawai idan aka yi la'akari da takamaiman sawun guntu da kasafin kuɗi na wutar lantarki, to yanzu za mu iya haɗa makullan lokaci guda 10,000 a kan guntu ɗaya don cimma ƙarin aiki mai rikitarwa."
A takaice, wannan hanyar ƙira za a iya amfani da ita ga masu daidaita wutar lantarki don rage sararin da ake shaƙa da kuma amfani da wutar lantarki. Haka kuma ana iya amfani da ita a wasu nau'ikan hasken wutar lantarki da sauran ƙira daban-daban na resonator. A halin yanzu, ƙungiyar bincike tana haɗin gwiwa don nuna LIDAR mai gani wanda ya ƙunshi jerin canjin yanayi bisa ga irin waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan na'urori. A nan gaba, ana iya amfani da ita ga aikace-aikace da yawa kamar ingantaccen rashin daidaituwa na gani, sabbin na'urori masu auna haske, da sabbin na'urori masu auna haske na quantum.
Tushen labarin: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/O6iHstkMBPQKDOV4CoukXA
Kamfanin Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. wanda ke cikin "Silicon Valley" na China - Beijing Zhongguancun, kamfani ne mai fasaha mai zurfi wanda aka keɓe don hidimar cibiyoyin bincike na cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje, cibiyoyin bincike, jami'o'i da ma'aikatan bincike na kimiyya na kamfanoni. Kamfaninmu galibi yana cikin bincike da haɓakawa mai zaman kansa, ƙira, kerawa, sayar da samfuran optoelectronic, kuma yana ba da mafita masu ƙirƙira da ayyuka na ƙwararru, na musamman ga masu bincike na kimiyya da injiniyoyin masana'antu. Bayan shekaru na ƙirƙira mai zaman kansa, ya ƙirƙiri jerin kayayyaki masu wadata da cikakke na photoelectric, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a cikin birane, sojoji, sufuri, wutar lantarki, kuɗi, ilimi, likitanci da sauran masana'antu.
Muna fatan yin aiki tare da ku!
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-29-2023