Makomar masu amfani da na'urorin lantarki

Makomarmasu daidaita wutar lantarki

Na'urorin lantarki masu daidaita hasken rana (electro optic modulators) suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin optoelectronic na zamani, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a fannoni da dama tun daga sadarwa zuwa lissafin kwantum ta hanyar daidaita halayen haske. Wannan takarda ta tattauna halin da ake ciki a yanzu, sabon ci gaba da aka samu da kuma ci gaban fasahar electro optic modulator nan gaba.

Hoto na 1: Kwatanta aiki na daban-dabanna'urar daidaita haskefasahohi, gami da thin film lithium niobate (TFLN), III-V electrical absorption modulators (EAM), silicon-based da polymer modulators dangane da asarar shigarwa, bandwidth, amfani da wutar lantarki, girma, da ƙarfin masana'antu.

Na'urorin gyaran lantarki na gargajiya da aka yi da silicon da kuma iyakokinsu

Na'urorin hasken lantarki masu amfani da hasken silicon sun kasance tushen tsarin sadarwa na gani tsawon shekaru da yawa. Dangane da tasirin watsawar plasma, irin waɗannan na'urori sun sami ci gaba mai ban mamaki a cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata, suna ƙara yawan canja wurin bayanai da matakai uku na girma. Na'urorin zamani masu amfani da silicon za su iya cimma daidaitaccen ƙarfin bugun jini na mataki 4 (PAM4) har zuwa 224 Gb/s, har ma fiye da 300 Gb/s tare da daidaitawar PAM8.

Duk da haka, masu daidaita silikon suna fuskantar ƙa'idodi na asali waɗanda suka samo asali daga kayan aiki. Lokacin da masu karɓar haske ke buƙatar ƙimar baud fiye da Gbaud 200+, girman waɗannan na'urori yana da wuya a biya buƙata. Wannan iyakancewa ya samo asali ne daga halayen silicon - daidaiton guje wa asarar haske mai yawa yayin da ake kiyaye isasshen watsawa yana haifar da ciniki mai ma'ana.

Fasaha mai tasowa ta modulator da kayan aiki

Iyakokin na'urorin gyaran silicon na gargajiya sun haifar da bincike kan wasu kayayyaki da fasahar haɗaka. Thin film lithium niobate ya zama ɗaya daga cikin dandamali mafi kyau ga sabbin tsararrun masu gyaran.Na'urorin lantarki masu amfani da lantarki na lithium niobate masu siffantawagaji kyawawan halaye na babban lithium niobate, gami da: taga mai faɗi mai haske, babban ma'aunin electro-optic (r33 = 31 pm/V) tantanin layi Tasirin Kerrs zai iya aiki a cikin kewayon tsayi da yawa

Ci gaban da aka samu kwanan nan a fasahar lithium niobate mai siriri ya haifar da sakamako masu ban mamaki, ciki har da na'urar modulator da ke aiki a 260 Gbaud tare da ƙimar bayanai na 1.96 Tb/s a kowace tashoshi. Dandalin yana da fa'idodi na musamman kamar ƙarfin tuƙi mai jituwa da CMOS da bandwidth na 3-dB na 100 GHz.

Aikace-aikacen fasaha masu tasowa

Ci gaban na'urorin lantarki masu amfani da na'urorin lantarki suna da alaƙa da aikace-aikacen da ke tasowa a fannoni da dama. A fannin fasahar kere-kere da cibiyoyin bayanai,masu gyaran sauri masu saurisuna da mahimmanci ga ƙarni na gaba na haɗin kai, kuma aikace-aikacen kwamfuta na AI suna haifar da buƙatar na'urorin transceivers masu haɗawa 800G da 1.6T. Ana kuma amfani da fasahar modulator ga: sarrafa bayanai na kwantum kwamfuta neuromorphic Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) lidar microwave photon technology

Musamman ma, masu gyaran lantarki na lantarki na lithium niobate masu siririn fim suna nuna ƙarfi a cikin injunan sarrafa kwamfuta na gani, suna samar da saurin daidaitawa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi wanda ke hanzarta koyon injin da aikace-aikacen basirar wucin gadi. Irin waɗannan masu gyaran lantarki kuma suna iya aiki a ƙananan yanayin zafi kuma sun dace da hanyoyin sadarwa na kwantum-classical a cikin layukan superconducting.

Ci gaban na'urorin lantarki na zamani masu amfani da hasken rana suna fuskantar manyan ƙalubale da dama: Kuɗin samarwa da sikelinsa: na'urorin lithium niobate masu sirara a halin yanzu an iyakance su ga samar da wafer mai girman mm 150, wanda ke haifar da tsada mai yawa. Masana'antar tana buƙatar faɗaɗa girman wafer yayin da take kiyaye daidaito da inganci na fim. Haɗaka da Tsarin Haɗin Kai: Ci gaban da ya yi nasaramasu gyaran aiki masu inganciyana buƙatar cikakken damar ƙira tare, wanda ya haɗa da haɗin gwiwar masu ƙira na optoelectronics da masu tsara guntu na lantarki, masu samar da kayayyaki na EDA, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, da ƙwararrun marufi. Rikicewar masana'antu: Duk da cewa hanyoyin optoelectronics na silicon ba su da rikitarwa kamar na'urorin lantarki na CMOS na zamani, cimma aiki mai ɗorewa da yawan amfanin ƙasa yana buƙatar ƙwarewa mai mahimmanci da inganta tsarin masana'antu.

Sakamakon ci gaban fasahar kere-kere ta AI da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi yanayin kasa, wannan fanni yana samun karuwar jari daga gwamnatoci, masana'antu da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu a duk fadin duniya, wanda hakan ke samar da sabbin damammaki na hadin gwiwa tsakanin masana'antu da masana'antu, tare da yin alkawarin hanzarta kirkire-kirkire.