Silicon photonicsm abubuwa
Akwai abubuwa da yawa maɓalli masu wucewa a cikin silicon photonics. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan shine ma'auni mai fitar da ƙasa, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 1A. Ya ƙunshi ƙaƙƙarfan grating a cikin jagorar raƙuman ruwa wanda lokacinsa yayi kusan daidai da tsayin igiyar haske a cikin jagorar igiyar ruwa. Wannan yana ba da damar haske don fitarwa ko karɓa daidai gwargwado zuwa saman, yana mai da shi manufa don ma'aunin matakin wafer da/ko haɗawa da fiber. Ma'auratan grating sun ɗan bambanta da silicon photonics saboda suna buƙatar babban bambanci a tsaye. Misali, idan kayi kokarin yin ma'auni na grating a cikin inP waveguide na al'ada, hasken yana yawo kai tsaye zuwa cikin ma'auni maimakon a fitar dashi a tsaye saboda madaidaicin raƙuman ruwa yana da matsakaicin matsakaicin juzu'i fiye da ma'aunin. Don yin aiki a cikin InP, dole ne a tono abu a ƙarƙashin grating don dakatar da shi, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 1B.
Hoto 1: Ma'auratan grating mai girma-ɗaya a cikin silicon (A) da InP (B). A (A), launin toka da shuɗi mai haske suna wakiltar silicon da silica, bi da bi. A cikin (B), ja da lemu suna wakiltar InGaAsP da InP, bi da bi. Figures (C) da (D) suna duban sikanin microscope na lantarki (SEM) na InP da aka dakatar da grating grating.
Wani maɓalli mai mahimmanci shine mai canza girman tabo (SSC) tsakaninna gani waveguideda fiber, wanda ke jujjuya yanayin kusan 0.5 × 1 μm2 a cikin jagorar siliki zuwa yanayin kusan 10 × 10 μm2 a cikin fiber. Hanyar da ta dace ita ce a yi amfani da tsarin da ake kira inverse taper, wanda a hankali jagoran igiyar ruwa ke ƙunshewa zuwa ƙaramar tip, wanda ke haifar da haɓaka mai mahimmanci.na ganiyanayin facin. Ana iya kama wannan yanayin ta hanyar jagorar raƙuman gilashin da aka dakatar, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 2. Tare da irin wannan SSC, asarar haɗin kai na kasa da 1.5dB yana da sauƙi.
Hoto 2: Girman ƙirar ƙira don jagororin wave na siliki. Kayan silicon yana samar da tsarin juzu'i mai juzu'i a cikin jagoran raƙuman gilashin da aka dakatar. An cire madaidaicin siliki a ƙarƙashin jagoran raƙuman gilashin da aka dakatar.
Babban maɓalli mai wucewa shine mai raba katako na polarization. Ana nuna wasu misalan masu rarraba polarization a cikin Hoto na 3. Na farko shine Mach-Zender interferometer (MZI), inda kowane hannu yana da bambancin birefringence. Na biyu shine ma'auratan jagora mai sauƙi. Siffar birefringence na al'ada silicon waya waveguide yana da girma sosai, don haka transverse Magnetic (TM) polarized haske za a iya cikakken biyu biyu, yayin da transverse lantarki (TE) polarized haske iya zama kusan uncoupled. Na uku shi ne na'urar grating, inda ake sanya fiber ɗin a kusurwa ta yadda TE polarized haske ya haɗu a hanya ɗaya kuma TM polarized haske yana haɗuwa a ɗayan. Na huɗu shine ma'auni mai girma biyu. Hanyoyin fiber waɗanda filayen lantarki suke daidai da alkiblar waveguide ana haɗe su da madaidaicin jagorar igiyar ruwa. Za a iya karkatar da fiber ɗin kuma a haɗe shi zuwa magudanar ruwa guda biyu, ko madaidaici zuwa saman kuma a haɗe shi zuwa magudanar ruwa guda huɗu. Wani ƙarin fa'ida na ma'auratan grating mai nau'i biyu shine cewa suna aiki azaman masu juyawa na polarization, ma'ana cewa duk hasken da ke kan guntu yana da polarization iri ɗaya, amma ana amfani da polarization na orthogonal guda biyu a cikin fiber.
Hoto na 3: Masu rarraba polarization da yawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-16-2024