Ƙaramin optoelectronic mai tushen siliconMai daidaita IQdon sadarwa mai sauri mai jituwa
Ƙara yawan buƙatar yawan watsa bayanai da kuma ƙarin na'urorin watsa bayanai masu amfani da makamashi a cibiyoyin bayanai ya haifar da ci gaban ƙananan ayyuka masu ƙarfimasu daidaita haskeFasahar optoelectronic ta Silicon (SiPh) ta zama dandamali mai kyau don haɗa nau'ikan abubuwan photonic daban-daban zuwa guntu ɗaya, wanda ke ba da damar samun mafita masu sauƙi da araha. Wannan labarin zai bincika sabon na'urar silicon IQ mai ɗaukar kaya bisa ga GeSi EAMs, wanda zai iya aiki a mita har zuwa 75 Gbaud.
Tsarin na'ura da halaye
Na'urar IQ da aka gabatar ta ɗauki ƙaramin tsarin hannu uku, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1 (a). Ta ƙunshi GeSi EAM guda uku da masu sauya yanayin zafi guda uku, suna ɗaukar tsari mai daidaito. Ana haɗa hasken shigarwar cikin guntu ta hanyar mahaɗin grating (GC) kuma an raba shi daidai zuwa hanyoyi uku ta hanyar ma'aunin interferometer mai yawa na 1×3 (MMI). Bayan wucewa ta hanyar modulator da mai sauya yanayin, ana sake haɗa hasken da wani 1×3 MMI sannan a haɗa shi da zare mai yanayi ɗaya (SSMF).
Hoto na 1: (a) Hoton microscopic na mai daidaita IQ; (b) – (d) EO S21, bakan rabon ƙarewa, da kuma watsawar EAM guda ɗaya na GeSi; (e) Zane-zanen tsarin mai daidaita IQ da kuma matakin gani na mai canza lokaci; (f) Wakiltar hana ɗaukar kaya a kan babban matakin. Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1 (b), GeSi EAM yana da faɗi da yawa na bandwidth na lantarki. Hoto na 1 (b) ya auna sigar S21 na tsarin gwajin GeSi EAM guda ɗaya ta amfani da mai nazarin abubuwan gani na 67 GHz (LCA). Hoto na 1 (c) da 1 (d) bi da bi suna nuna yanayin ɓacewa (ER) a cikin ƙarfin DC daban-daban da kuma watsawa a tsawon nanometers 1555.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1 (e), babban fasalin wannan ƙira shine ikon danne masu ɗaukar hoto ta hanyar daidaita mai canza yanayin da aka haɗa a hannun tsakiya. Bambancin yanayin da ke tsakanin hannun sama da na ƙasa shine π/2, wanda ake amfani da shi don daidaita rikitarwa, yayin da bambancin yanayin da ke tsakanin hannun tsakiya shine -3 π/4. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar yin katsalandan ga mai ɗaukar hoto, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin jirgin sama mai rikitarwa na Hoto na 1 (f).
Saitin gwaji da sakamako
An nuna saitin gwaji mai sauri a Hoto na 2 (a). Ana amfani da janareta mai samar da waveform na ba bisa ƙa'ida ba (Keysight M8194A) a matsayin tushen sigina, kuma ana amfani da amplifiers guda biyu masu daidaitawa na RF na 60 GHz (tare da tees na bias da aka haɗa) azaman direbobin modulator. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na GeSi EAM shine -2.5 V, kuma ana amfani da kebul na RF da aka daidaita na phase don rage rashin daidaiton phase na lantarki tsakanin tashoshin I da Q.
Hoto na 2: (a) Saitin gwaji mai sauri, (b) Matsewar mai ɗaukar hoto a 70 Gbaud, (c) Kuskuren ƙimar da ƙimar bayanai, (d) Ƙirƙirar taurari a 70 Gbaud. Yi amfani da laser na waje na kasuwanci (ECL) mai faɗin layi na 100 kHz, tsawon tsayi na 1555 nm, da ƙarfin 12 dBm a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto. Bayan daidaitawa, ana ƙara siginar gani ta amfani daamplifier fiber mai amfani da erbium(EDFA) don rama asarar haɗin gwiwa akan guntu da asarar shigarwar modulator.
A ƙarshen karɓa, na'urar nazarin siginar gani (OSA) tana lura da siginar da kuma dannewa, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2 (b) don siginar Gbaud 70. Yi amfani da mai karɓar rakiyar polarization mai haɗin gwiwa biyu don karɓar sigina, wanda ya ƙunshi mahaɗin gani mai digiri 90 da kuma guda huɗu.40 GHz daidaitaccen hasken photodiodes, kuma an haɗa shi da oscilloscope na 33 GHz, 80 GSa/s na ainihin lokaci (RTO) (Keysight DSOZ634A). Ana amfani da tushen ECL na biyu mai faɗin layi na 100 kHz azaman oscillator na gida (LO). Saboda mai watsawa yana aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin polarization guda ɗaya, ana amfani da tashoshi na lantarki guda biyu kawai don canza analog-zuwa-dijital (ADC). Ana yin rikodin bayanan akan RTO kuma ana sarrafa su ta amfani da mai sarrafa siginar dijital ta offline (DSP).
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2 (c), an gwada na'urar IQ modulator ta amfani da tsarin daidaitawa na QPSK daga 40 Gbaud zuwa 75 Gbaud. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin gyara kuskuren gaba na yanke shawara mai tsauri 7% (HD-FEC), ƙimar na iya kaiwa 140 Gb/s; A ƙarƙashin yanayin gyara kuskuren gaba na yanke shawara mai laushi 20% (SD-FEC), saurin zai iya kaiwa 150 Gb/s. An nuna zane-zanen taurari a 70 Gbaud a Hoto na 2 (d). Sakamakon yana da iyaka da bandwidth na oscilloscope na 33 GHz, wanda yayi daidai da bandwidth na sigina na kusan 66 Gbaud.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2 (b), tsarin hannu uku zai iya danne masu ɗaukar haske yadda ya kamata tare da saurin ɓoyewa fiye da 30 dB. Wannan tsari ba ya buƙatar cikakken danne mai ɗaukar hoto kuma ana iya amfani da shi a cikin masu karɓar da ke buƙatar sautunan ɗaukar hoto don dawo da sigina, kamar masu karɓar Kramer Kronig (KK). Ana iya daidaita mai ɗaukar hoto ta hanyar canjin yanayin hannu na tsakiya don cimma rabon mai ɗaukar hoto zuwa gefe (CSR).
Fa'idodi da Aikace-aikace
Idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin gyaran Mach Zehnder na gargajiya (masu gyaran MZM) da sauran na'urorin sarrafa IQ na optoelectronic da aka yi da silicon, na'urar sarrafa IQ ta silicon da aka gabatar tana da fa'idodi da yawa. Da farko, girmanta ya yi ƙanƙanta, ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da na'urorin sarrafa IQ sau 10 bisa gaMasu gyaran Mach Zehnder(ban da faifan haɗin gwiwa), don haka ƙara yawan haɗin kai da rage yankin guntu. Na biyu, ƙirar lantarki mai tarin yawa ba ta buƙatar amfani da masu tsayayyar tashar, ta haka rage ƙarfin na'urar da kuzari a kowane bit. Na uku, ikon danne mai ɗaukar kaya yana ƙara rage ƙarfin watsawa, yana ƙara inganta ingancin makamashi.
Bugu da ƙari, bandwidth na gani na GeSi EAM yana da faɗi sosai (sama da nanometers 30), yana kawar da buƙatar da'irori da masu sarrafawa na sarrafawa da yawa don daidaita da daidaita sautin microwave modulators (MRMs), ta haka yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar.
Wannan na'urar IQ mai ƙanƙanta da inganci ta dace sosai da tsararraki masu zuwa, yawan tashoshi masu yawa, da ƙananan na'urori masu haɗaka a cibiyoyin bayanai, wanda ke ba da damar yin aiki mafi girma da kuma sadarwa mai inganci ga makamashi.
Na'urar sarrafa silicon IQ mai ɗaukar kaya tana nuna kyakkyawan aiki, tare da saurin watsa bayanai har zuwa 150 Gb/s a ƙarƙashin yanayin SD-FEC 20%. Tsarinsa mai ƙananan hannu 3 bisa ga GeSi EAM yana da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci dangane da sawun ƙafa, ingancin kuzari, da sauƙin ƙira. Wannan na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki tana da ikon danne ko daidaita na'urar ɗaukar haske kuma ana iya haɗa ta da tsarin ganowa mai jituwa da tsarin gano Kramer Kronig (KK) don na'urorin watsawa masu haɗin kai da yawa. Nasarorin da aka nuna suna haifar da cimma nasarar na'urorin watsawa masu haɗin kai da inganci don biyan buƙatun da ke ƙaruwa na sadarwa mai ƙarfi a cibiyoyin bayanai da sauran fannoni.
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-21-2025