Don madaidaicin sadarwa mai saurin gaske mai haɗaɗɗiyar ƙirar siliki ta tushen optoelectronic IQ modulator

Karamin siliki na tushen optoelectronicIQ modulatordon sadarwa mai saurin gaske
Haɓaka buƙatu don haɓaka ƙimar watsa bayanai da ƙarin masu amfani da makamashi mai ƙarfi a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai sun haifar da haɓakar ƙaramin aiki.na gani modulators. Silicon tushen fasahar optoelectronic (SiPh) ya zama dandamali mai ban sha'awa don haɗa nau'ikan abubuwan photonic daban-daban akan guntu ɗaya, yana ba da damar ƙaƙƙarfan mafita masu inganci. Wannan labarin zai bincika sabon mai ɗaukar hoto wanda aka kashe silicon IQ modulator dangane da GeSi EAMs, wanda zai iya aiki a mitar har zuwa 75 Gbaud.
Tsarin na'ura da halaye
IQ modulator da aka tsara yana ɗaukar ƙaramin tsari na hannu uku, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 1 (a). Ya ƙunshi GeSi EAM guda uku da masu canza yanayin yanayin yanayin zafi uku, suna ɗaukar tsari mai ma'ana. Hasken shigarwa yana haɗe cikin guntu ta hanyar ma'aunin grating (GC) kuma a ko'ina ya kasu kashi uku ta hanyar 1 × 3 multimode interferometer (MMI). Bayan wucewa ta hanyar na'ura mai daidaitawa da mai sauya lokaci, hasken yana sake haɗuwa da wani 1 × 3 MMI sannan kuma a haɗe shi zuwa fiber-mode fiber (SSMF).

Hoto 1: (a) Hoton microscopic na IQ modulator; (b) - (d) EO S21, bakan rabo na ɓarna, da watsawar GeSi EAM guda ɗaya; (e) Jadawalin tsari na IQ modulator da daidaitaccen lokaci mai jujjuya lokaci; (f) Wakilin danniya mai ɗaukar kaya akan hadadden jirgin sama. Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1 (b), GeSi EAM yana da faffadan bandwidth na lantarki. Hoto 1 (b) ya auna ma'aunin S21 na tsarin gwajin GeSi EAM guda ɗaya ta amfani da na'urar tantance abubuwan gani na gani na 67 GHz (LCA). Figures 1 (c) da 1 (d) bi da bi suna kwatanta sikelin ɓarkewar rabo (ER) a mabambantan ƙarfin lantarki na DC da watsawa a tsawon nanometer 1555.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 1 (e), babban fasalin wannan ƙira shine ikon murkushe masu ɗaukar hoto ta hanyar daidaita madaidaicin madaidaicin lokaci a hannun tsakiya. Bambancin lokaci tsakanin babba da ƙananan hannaye shine π/2, ana amfani da shi don haɗaɗɗen kunnawa, yayin da bambancin lokaci tsakanin hannu na tsakiya shine -3 π/4. Wannan tsarin yana ba da damar tsangwama ga mai ɗaukar hoto, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hadadden jirgin sama na Hoto 1 (f).
Saitin gwaji da sakamako
Ana nuna saitin gwaji mai saurin gaske a hoto na 2 (a). Ana amfani da janareta na igiyar igiyar ruwa na sabani (Kysight M8194A) azaman tushen siginar, kuma lokaci na 60 GHz guda biyu da suka dace da RF amplifiers (tare da haɗaɗɗen bias tees) ana amfani da su azaman direbobi masu daidaitawa. Wutar lantarki ta GeSi EAM shine -2.5 V, kuma ana amfani da kebul na RF da ya dace da lokaci don rage rashin daidaituwar lokacin lantarki tsakanin tashoshin I da Q.
Hoto 2: (a) Saitin gwaji mai saurin gudu, (b) Ƙullawar mai ɗaukar hoto a 70 Gbaud, (c) Kuskuren Kuskure da ƙimar bayanai, (d) Ƙungiya a 70 Gbaud. Yi amfani da Laser cavity na waje na kasuwanci (ECL) tare da layin layi na 100 kHz, tsawon tsayin 1555 nm, da ƙarfin 12 dBm azaman mai ɗaukar hoto. Bayan daidaitawa, ana ƙara siginar gani ta amfani da wanierbium-doped fiber amplifier(EDFA) don rama asarar haɗin haɗin kan-chip da asarar shigar da injina.
A ƙarshen karɓa, Mai Binciken gani na gani (OSA) yana lura da siginar siginar da danne mai ɗaukar kaya, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto 2 (b) don siginar 70 Gbaud. Yi amfani da mai karɓa mai haɗin kai biyu don karɓar sigina, wanda ya ƙunshi mahaɗar gani na digiri 90 da huɗu.40 GHz daidaitaccen photodiodes, kuma an haɗa shi zuwa 33 GHz, 80 GSa/s real-time oscilloscope (RTO) (Kysight DSOZ634A). Ana amfani da tushen ECL na biyu tare da layin layi na 100 kHz azaman oscillator na gida (LO). Saboda mai watsawa da ke aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin polarization guda ɗaya, tashoshi na lantarki guda biyu ne kawai ake amfani da su don canjin analog-zuwa-dijital (ADC). Ana yin rikodin bayanan akan RTO kuma ana sarrafa su ta amfani da na'urar sarrafa siginar dijital ta layi (DSP).
Kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 2 (c), an gwada IQ modulator ta amfani da tsarin daidaitawa na QPSK daga 40 Gbaud zuwa 75 Gbaud. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa a ƙarƙashin 7% matsananciyar yanke shawara na gyaran kuskure na gaba (HD-FEC), ƙimar zai iya kaiwa 140 Gb/s; Ƙarƙashin yanayin 20% gyaran kuskuren yanke shawara mai laushi (SD-FEC), gudun zai iya kaiwa 150 Gb/s. An nuna hoton taurarin da ke 70 Gbaud a hoto na 2 (d). Sakamakon yana iyakance ta hanyar bandwidth na oscilloscope na 33 GHz, wanda yayi daidai da bandwidth siginar kusan 66 Gbaud.

Kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 2 (b), tsarin hannaye guda uku zai iya murkushe masu ɗaukar hoto yadda ya kamata tare da ƙarancin kuɗi da ya wuce 30 dB. Wannan tsarin baya buƙatar cikakken kashe mai ɗauka kuma ana iya amfani dashi a cikin masu karɓa waɗanda ke buƙatar sautunan ɗauka don dawo da sigina, kamar masu karɓar Kramer Kronig (KK). Za'a iya daidaita mai ɗaukar kaya ta hanyar canjin lokaci na hannu don cimma abin da ake so mai ɗaukar kaya zuwa rabon gefe (CSR).
Abũbuwan amfãni da Aikace-aikace
Idan aka kwatanta da na gargajiya Mach Zehnder modulators (MZM masu daidaitawa) da sauran na'urori masu daidaitawa na Optoelectronic IQ na silicon, ƙirar silicon IQ modulator yana da fa'idodi da yawa. Da fari dai, yana da ƙanƙanta a girman, fiye da sau 10 ƙarami fiye da masu gyara IQ bisa gaMach Zehnder masu daidaitawa(ban da pads na haɗin gwiwa), don haka ƙara yawan haɗin kai da rage yanki na guntu. Na biyu, ƙirar lantarki da aka tara ba ta buƙatar yin amfani da masu tsayayyar tasha, don haka rage ƙarfin na'urar da kuzari kowane bit. Na uku, iyawar dakon mai ɗaukar kaya yana haɓaka rage ƙarfin watsawa, yana ƙara haɓaka ƙarfin kuzari.
Bugu da ƙari, bandwidth na gani na GeSi EAM yana da faɗi sosai (fiye da 30 nanometers), yana kawar da buƙatar da'irori da na'urori masu sarrafawa na tashoshi da yawa don daidaitawa da aiki tare da haɓakar masu modulators na microwave (MRMs), don haka sauƙaƙe ƙira.
Wannan ƙaƙƙarfan na'ura mai daidaitawa na IQ yana dacewa sosai don tsarawa na gaba, ƙidayar tashoshi mai girma, da ƙananan masu haɗawa a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai, yana ba da damar mafi girma da ingantaccen sadarwa na gani mai ƙarfi.
Mai ɗaukar nauyin silicon IQ modulator yana nuna kyakkyawan aiki, tare da adadin watsa bayanai har zuwa 150 Gb/s ƙarƙashin 20% SD-FEC yanayi. Ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin sa na 3-hannu dangane da GeSi EAM yana da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci dangane da sawun ƙafa, ingantaccen makamashi, da sauƙin ƙira. Wannan na'ura mai daidaitawa yana da ikon murkushe ko daidaita mai ɗaukar hoto kuma ana iya haɗa shi tare da gano daidaitaccen tsari da tsare-tsaren ganowa na Kramer Kronig (KK) don ƙaƙƙarfan layukan haɗin kai masu haɗaɗɗiya. Nasarorin da aka nuna suna haifar da haƙƙin haɗaɗɗen haɗaɗɗiyar ingantattun na'urori masu ɗaukar hoto don saduwa da haɓaka buƙatun isar da bayanai masu ƙarfi a cibiyoyin bayanai da sauran fagage.