Juyin Halitta da Ci gaban CPOna'urar lantarki ta optoelectronicfasahar haɗa marufi
Marufin haɗin gwiwa na Optoelectronic ba sabuwar fasaha ba ce, ana iya gano ci gabanta tun daga shekarun 1960, amma a wannan lokacin, marufin haɗin gwiwa na photoelectric kawai fakiti ne mai sauƙi nana'urorin lantarki na optoelectronictare. A shekarun 1990, tare da haɓakarna'urar sadarwa ta ganiMasana'antu, kayan haɗin gwiwa na photoelectric sun fara bayyana. Tare da ƙaruwar ƙarfin kwamfuta mai yawa da kuma buƙatar bandwidth mai yawa a wannan shekarar, kayan haɗin gwiwa na photoelectric, da fasahar reshe mai alaƙa, sun sake samun kulawa sosai.
A fannin haɓaka fasaha, kowane mataki yana da siffofi daban-daban, daga 2.5D CPO wanda ya dace da buƙatar 20/50Tb/s, zuwa 2.5D Chiplet CPO wanda ya dace da buƙatar 50/100Tb/s, kuma a ƙarshe an cimma 3D CPO wanda ya dace da ƙimar 100Tb/s.
An yi amfani da 2.5D CPO wajen haɗa na'urorin lantarkina'urar ganida kuma guntun makullin cibiyar sadarwa a kan wannan substrate don rage nisan layi da ƙara yawan I/O, kuma 3D CPO yana haɗa IC na gani kai tsaye zuwa layin tsakiya don cimma haɗin matakin I/O na ƙasa da 50um. Manufar juyin halittarsa a bayyane take, wanda shine rage nisan da ke tsakanin na'urar canza hoto da guntun makullin cibiyar sadarwa gwargwadon iko.
A halin yanzu, CPO har yanzu yana cikin ƙuruciyarsa, kuma har yanzu akwai matsaloli kamar ƙarancin yawan amfanin ƙasa da tsadar kulawa, kuma ƙananan masana'antun da ke kasuwa za su iya samar da samfuran da suka shafi CPO gaba ɗaya. Broadcom, Marvell, Intel, da wasu 'yan wasa kaɗan ne kawai ke da mafita ta musamman a kasuwa.
Marvell ya gabatar da wani canjin fasaha na CPO na 2.5D ta amfani da tsarin VIA-LAST a bara. Bayan an sarrafa guntun silicon, ana sarrafa TSV tare da ikon sarrafawa na OSAT, sannan a ƙara guntun wutar lantarki a cikin guntun silicon. An haɗa na'urori 16 na gani da guntun canzawa Marvell Teralynx7 akan PCB don samar da sauyawa, wanda zai iya cimma saurin sauyawa na 12.8Tbps.
A taron OFC na wannan shekarar, Broadcom da Marvell sun kuma nuna sabbin na'urorin sauya 51.2Tbps ta amfani da fasahar hada-hadar optoelectronic.
Daga sabbin bayanai na fasaha na Broadcom na CPO, fakitin CPO 3D ta hanyar inganta tsarin don cimma babban yawan I/O, amfani da wutar lantarki na CPO zuwa 5.5W/800G, rabon ingancin makamashi yana da kyau sosai aiki yana da kyau sosai. A lokaci guda, Broadcom kuma yana shiga cikin raƙuman ruwa guda ɗaya na 200Gbps da 102.4T CPO.
Cisco ta kuma ƙara yawan jarin da take zubawa a fasahar CPO, kuma ta yi wani gwajin samfurin CPO a OFC na wannan shekarar, inda ta nuna tarin fasahar CPO da aikace-aikacenta a kan wani ƙarin na'urar multiplexer/demultiplexer mai haɗaka. Cisco ta ce za ta gudanar da gwajin tura CPO a cikin maɓallan 51.2Tb, sannan ta yi amfani da manyan na'urori a cikin zagayowar maɓallan 102.4Tb.
Intel ta daɗe tana gabatar da maɓallan da suka dogara da CPO, kuma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan Intel ta ci gaba da aiki tare da Ayar Labs don bincika hanyoyin haɗin siginar bandwidth mai girma tare, wanda ke share hanyar samar da kayan haɗin optoelectronic da na'urorin haɗin kai na gani.
Duk da cewa har yanzu kayayyaki masu iya haɗawa sune zaɓi na farko, ci gaban ingantaccen amfani da makamashi da CPO zai iya kawowa ya jawo hankalin masana'antun da yawa. A cewar LightCounting, jigilar kayayyaki na CPO za su fara ƙaruwa sosai daga tashoshin 800G da 1.6T, a hankali za su fara kasancewa a kasuwa daga 2024 zuwa 2025, kuma za su samar da babban girma daga 2026 zuwa 2027. A lokaci guda, CIR tana tsammanin cewa kudaden shiga na kasuwa na jimillar marufi na photoelectric zai kai dala biliyan 5.4 a 2027.
A farkon wannan shekarar, TSMC ta sanar da cewa za ta hada hannu da Broadcom, Nvidia da sauran manyan kwastomomi don haɓaka fasahar silicon photonics, kayan aikin marufi na gama gari CPO da sauran sabbin samfura, fasahar sarrafawa daga 45nm zuwa 7nm, kuma ta ce rabin na biyu mafi sauri na shekara mai zuwa ya fara cika babban tsari, 2025 ko makamancin haka don isa matakin girma.
A matsayin wani fanni na fasaha mai zurfi wanda ya shafi na'urorin photonic, da'irori masu haɗawa, marufi, ƙira da kwaikwayo, fasahar CPO tana nuna canje-canjen da haɗakar optoelectronic ta kawo, kuma canje-canjen da aka kawo wa watsa bayanai babu shakka suna da illa. Kodayake aikace-aikacen CPO za a iya ganin su ne kawai a manyan cibiyoyin bayanai na dogon lokaci, tare da ƙarin faɗaɗa ƙarfin kwamfuta mai yawa da buƙatun bandwidth mai yawa, fasahar CPO co-seal co-seal ta zama sabuwar fagen fama.
Za a iya ganin cewa masana'antun da ke aiki a CPO gabaɗaya sun yi imanin cewa 2025 zai zama babban maɓalli, wanda kuma wani maɓalli ne mai ƙimar musayar kuɗi na 102.4Tbps, kuma rashin amfanin kayan haɗin da za a iya haɗawa za a ƙara ƙaruwa. Kodayake aikace-aikacen CPO na iya zuwa a hankali, babu shakka haɗin gwiwa na opto-electronic shine kawai hanyar cimma babban gudu, babban bandwidth da ƙarancin wutar lantarki.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-02-2024