Dabaru na amfani da na'urorin hangen nesa da kuma haɗin gwiwarsu don sadarwa ta hanyar amfani da na'urori masu amfani da na'urorin hangen nesa da kuma hanyoyin sadarwa na fiber optic

Ƙungiyar bincike ta Farfesa Khonina daga Cibiyar Tsarin Sarrafa Hotuna ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rasha ta buga wani takarda mai taken "Dabarun Multiplexing na gani da aurensu" a cikinOpto-ElectronicCi gaba don kan-chip dasadarwa ta fiber na gani: bita. Ƙungiyar bincike ta Farfesa Khonina ta ƙirƙiro abubuwa da dama masu bambancin gani don aiwatar da MDM a cikin sararin samaniya kyauta dafiber opticsAmma hanyar sadarwa tana kama da "kayan ajiye bayanai", ba ta cika girma ba, ba ta cika ba. Guduwar bayanai ta haifar da buƙatar zirga-zirga mai yawa. Ana maye gurbin saƙonnin imel na gajeru da hotuna masu rai waɗanda ke ɗaukar bandwidth. Ga hanyoyin sadarwa na bayanai, bidiyo da murya waɗanda 'yan shekaru da suka gabata ke da isasshen bandwidth, hukumomin sadarwa yanzu suna neman ɗaukar wata hanya ta daban don biyan buƙatun bandwidth mara iyaka. Dangane da ƙwarewarsa mai yawa a wannan fanni na bincike, Farfesa Khonina ya taƙaita sabbin ci gaba kuma mafi mahimmanci a fannin multiplexing gwargwadon iyawarsa. Batutuwan da aka tattauna a cikin bitar sun haɗa da WDM, PDM, SDM, MDM, OAMM, da fasahohin haɗin gwiwa guda uku na WDM-PDM, WDM-MDM, da PDM-MDM. Daga cikinsu, ta hanyar amfani da multiplexer na WDM-MDM, ana iya samun tashoshin N×M ta hanyar raƙuman ruwa na N da yanayin jagorar M.

An kafa Cibiyar Tsarin Sarrafa Hoto ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rasha (IPSI RAS, wacce yanzu reshe ce ta Cibiyar Binciken Kimiyya ta Tarayya ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rasha "Crystallography and Photonics") a shekarar 1988 bisa ga ƙungiyar bincike a Jami'ar Jihar Samara. Victor Alexandrovich Soifer, memba na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rasha ne ke jagorantar ƙungiyar. Ɗaya daga cikin jagororin binciken ƙungiyar shine haɓaka hanyoyin lambobi da nazarin gwaji na hasken laser mai tashoshi da yawa. Waɗannan nazarin sun fara ne a shekarar 1982, lokacin da aka fara aiwatar da farko na abubuwan gani masu yawa (DOE) tare da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyar Nobel Laureate a fannin kimiyyar lissafi, Masanin Ilimi Alexander Mikhailovich Prokhorov. A cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, masana kimiyyar IPSI RAS sun gabatar, sun kwaikwayi da kuma nazarin nau'ikan abubuwan DOE da yawa akan kwamfutoci, sannan suka ƙera su a cikin nau'in holograms daban-daban masu tsayi tare da tsarin laser mai layi ɗaya. Misalan sun haɗa da vortices na gani, yanayin Lacroerre-Gauss, yanayin Hermi-Gauss, yanayin Bessel, aikin Zernick (don nazarin rashin daidaituwa), da sauransu. Wannan DOE, wanda aka yi ta amfani da lithography na lantarki, ana amfani da shi don nazarin haske bisa ga bazuwar yanayin gani. Ana samun sakamakon aunawa ta hanyar nau'in kololuwar haɗin gwiwa a wasu wurare (tsarin diffraction) a cikin jirgin Fourier natsarin ganiDaga baya, an yi amfani da ƙa'idar don samar da haskoki masu rikitarwa, da kuma haskoki masu rage yawan abubuwa a cikin zaruruwan gani, sarari kyauta, da kafofin watsa labarai masu rikitarwa ta amfani da DOE da sararin samaniyaNa'urorin daidaitawa na gani.