Sabuwar fasahar siliki mai daukar hoto

Sabuwar fasaha tabakin ciki silicon photodetector
Ana amfani da tsarin ɗaukar hoto don haɓaka ɗaukar haske a cikin bakin cikisilicon photodetectors
Tsarin Photonic yana samun saurin karyewa a yawancin aikace-aikacen da ke fitowa, gami da sadarwar gani, ji na liDAR, da hoton likita. Koyaya, ɗaukar hoto mai yawa a cikin hanyoyin injiniya na gaba ya dogara da farashin masana'antamasu daukar hoto, wanda kuma ya dogara da yawa akan nau'in semiconductor da aka yi amfani da shi don wannan dalili.
A al'adance, siliki (Si) ya kasance mafi yawan semiconductor a cikin masana'antar lantarki, ta yadda yawancin masana'antu sun girma a kusa da wannan kayan. Abin baƙin ciki shine, Si yana da ƙarancin ƙarancin ɗaukar haske a cikin bakan infrared na kusa (NIR) idan aka kwatanta da sauran na'urori masu kama da juna kamar gallium arsenide (GaAs). Saboda wannan, GaAs da alawan da ke da alaƙa suna bunƙasa cikin aikace-aikacen hoto amma ba su dace da tsarin na yau da kullun na ƙarin ƙarfe-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) da ake amfani da su wajen samar da mafi yawan kayan lantarki. Wannan ya haifar da karuwar farashin masana'anta.
Masu bincike sun tsara hanyar da za su haɓaka shayar da infrared a kusa da siliki, wanda zai iya haifar da raguwar farashi a cikin manyan na'urorin photonic, kuma ƙungiyar bincike ta UC Davis ta fara sabuwar dabara don inganta haɓakar haske a cikin fina-finai na siliki. A cikin sabon takardar su a Advanced Photonics Nexus, sun nuna a karon farko wani gwaji na gwaji na na'urar daukar hotan takardu ta silicon tare da micro-da nano-surface Tsarin haske, suna samun ingantattun ayyukan da ba a taɓa gani ba kwatankwacin GaAs da sauran semiconductor na rukuni na III-V. . Mai binciken hoto ya ƙunshi farantin siliki mai kauri mai kauri wanda aka sanya a kan madaidaicin abin rufe fuska, tare da “yatsun yatsu” ƙarfe waɗanda ke shimfiɗa a cikin salon cokali mai yatsa daga ƙarfen lamba a saman farantin. Mahimmanci, ƙullun siliki yana cike da ramukan madauwari da aka tsara a cikin tsari na lokaci-lokaci waɗanda ke aiki azaman wuraren ɗaukar hoto. Gabaɗayan tsarin na'urar yana haifar da hasken da ke faruwa a al'ada ya lanƙwasa da kusan 90° lokacin da ya taɓa saman, yana ba ta damar yaduwa a gefe tare da jirgin Si. Waɗannan hanyoyin yaɗawa na gefe suna ƙara tsawon tafiyar haske kuma suna rage shi yadda ya kamata, yana haifar da ƙarin hulɗar al'amuran haske kuma ta haka ƙara sha.
Har ila yau, masu binciken sun gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na gani da nazarin ka'idoji don ƙarin fahimtar tasirin tsarin ɗaukar hoto, kuma sun gudanar da gwaje-gwaje da yawa na kwatanta masu gano hoto tare da kuma ba tare da su ba. Sun gano cewa kama photon ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a cikin ingantaccen shayarwar watsa shirye-shirye a cikin bakan NIR, yana kasancewa sama da 68% tare da kololuwar 86%. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin kusa da infrared band, sha coefficient na photon kama photodetector sau da yawa mafi girma fiye da na talakawa silicon, wuce gallium arsenide. Bugu da ƙari, kodayake ƙirar da aka tsara don faranti na silicon kauri 1μm ne, simulations na 30 nm da 100 nm fina-finan silicon masu dacewa da na'urorin lantarki na CMOS suna nuna irin wannan ingantaccen aikin.
Gabaɗaya, sakamakon wannan binciken yana nuna dabara mai ban sha'awa don haɓaka aikin masu gano hoto na tushen silicon a cikin aikace-aikacen photonics masu tasowa. Ana iya samun babban sha ko da a cikin yadudduka na siliki-na bakin ciki, kuma za'a iya kiyaye ƙarfin parasitic na kewaye, wanda ke da mahimmanci a cikin tsarin sauri. Bugu da ƙari, hanyar da aka tsara ta dace da tsarin CMOS na zamani don haka yana da yuwuwar sauya yadda ake haɗa optoelectronics zuwa da'irori na gargajiya. Wannan, bi da bi, zai iya ba da hanya ga ƙwaƙƙwaran tsalle-tsalle a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar kwamfuta masu araha mai araha da fasahar hoto.