Mai gano ambaliyar ruwa mai ƙarancin iyaka infrared

Ƙananan infraredna'urar gano ambaliyar ruwa

Na'urar gano ambaliyar ruwa ta infrared (infrared avalanche photodetector)na'urar gano hoto ta APD) aji ne nana'urorin daukar hoto na semiconductorwanda ke samar da riba mai yawa ta hanyar tasirin ionization karo, don cimma ikon gano ƙwayoyin photon kaɗan ko ma ƙwayoyin photon guda ɗaya. Duk da haka, a cikin tsarin na'urar gano hoto ta APD ta al'ada, tsarin watsawa na mai ɗaukar hoto mara daidaito yana haifar da asarar kuzari, ta yadda ƙarfin ƙarfin ambaliyar ruwa yawanci yana buƙatar isa 50-200 V. Wannan yana sanya buƙatu mafi girma akan ƙirar ƙarfin tuƙi na na'urar da kuma ƙirar da'irar karantawa, yana ƙara farashi da iyakance aikace-aikace masu faɗi.

Kwanan nan, binciken da kasar Sin ta gudanar ya gabatar da wani sabon tsari na ruwan sama kusa da na'urar gano dusar ƙanƙara mai ƙarancin ƙarfin kwararar dusar ƙanƙara da kuma babban ƙarfin ji. Dangane da haɗin kai na layin atomic na kai, na'urar gano dusar ƙanƙara tana magance watsawar da ke haifar da lahani ta hanyar yanayin lahani na hanyar sadarwa wanda ba makawa a cikin bambance-bambancen yanayi. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da ƙarfin filin lantarki mai ƙarfi na gida wanda fashewar siginar fassara ta haifar don haɓaka hulɗar coulomb tsakanin masu ɗaukar kaya, danne watsawar phonon da ke cikin jirgin sama, da kuma cimma babban inganci na masu ɗaukar kaya marasa daidaito. A zafin jiki na ɗaki, kuzarin ƙofar yana kusa da iyakar ka'ida. Misali (Misali shine gibin da ke tsakanin semiconductor) kuma ƙarfin ganowar na'urar gano dusar ƙanƙara ta infrared yana kaiwa matakin photon 10000.

Wannan binciken ya dogara ne akan tungsten diselenide mai siffar atom (WSe₂) homojunction (chalcogenide mai siffar ƙarfe mai siffar atom, TMD) a matsayin matsakaiciyar gain don kwararar ruwan da ke ɗauke da caji. Ana samun karyewar daidaiton fassara ta sararin samaniya ta hanyar tsara maye gurbin matakin ƙasa don haifar da ƙarfin filin lantarki na gida a mahaɗin homojunction mai canzawa.

Bugu da ƙari, kauri na atomic zai iya danne tsarin watsawa wanda yanayin phonon ya mamaye, kuma ya cimma tsarin haɓakawa da ninkawa na mai ɗaukar kaya mara daidaito tare da ƙarancin asara. Wannan yana kawo kuzarin iyakar zaftarewar ƙasa a zafin ɗaki kusa da iyakar ka'ida wato bandgap na kayan semiconductor Misali. An rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki na iyakar zaftarewar ƙasa daga 50 V zuwa 1.6 V, wanda ya ba masu bincike damar amfani da da'irori na dijital masu ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don tuƙa zaftarewar ƙasa.na'urar gano hotoda kuma na'urorin tuƙi da transistor. Wannan binciken ya gano ingantaccen canji da amfani da makamashin jigilar kaya mara daidaito ta hanyar ƙirar tasirin ninkawar dusar ƙanƙara mai ƙarancin iyaka, wanda ke ba da sabon hangen nesa don haɓaka ƙarni na gaba na fasahar gano infrared mai saurin kamuwa da sanyi, ƙarancin iyaka da kuma babban riba.