Gabatarwa ga laser mai fitar da semiconductor a saman ramin tsaye (VCSEL)

Gabatarwa ga saman ramin tsaye wanda ke fitar da iskaLaser na semiconductor(VCSEL)
An ƙirƙiro na'urorin laser masu fitar da haske daga saman ramin waje a tsakiyar shekarun 1990 don shawo kan wata babbar matsala da ta addabi ci gaban na'urorin laser na semiconductor na gargajiya: yadda ake samar da na'urorin laser masu ƙarfi tare da ingancin hasken haske a yanayin juyawa na asali.
Lasers masu fitar da saman ramin waje a tsaye (Vecsels), wanda kuma aka sani daLasers na faifan semiconductor(SDL), sabbin membobin dangin laser ne. Zai iya tsara tsawon fitar da hayaki ta hanyar canza kayan aiki da kauri na rijiyar quantum a cikin matsakaicin samun semiconductor, kuma tare da ninka mitar cikin rami zai iya rufe kewayon tsawon tsayi mai faɗi daga ultraviolet zuwa infrared mai nisa, yana cimma babban fitarwa yayin da yake kiyaye ƙarancin bambance-bambancen. Hasken laser mai daidaitawa na kusurwa yana da tsari na DBR na ƙasa na guntuwar riba da madubin haɗin fitarwa na waje. Wannan tsarin resonator na waje na musamman yana ba da damar shigar da abubuwan gani a cikin rami don ayyuka kamar ninka mita, bambancin mita, da kulle yanayin, wanda hakan ya sa VECSEL ya zama manufa.tushen laserdon aikace-aikace daga biophotonics, spectroscopy,maganin laserda kuma hasken laser.
Resonator na laser mai fitar da semiconductor na saman VC yana daidai da saman inda yankin mai aiki yake, kuma hasken fitarwa yana daidai da saman yankin mai aiki, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton. VCSEL yana da fa'idodi na musamman, kamar ƙaramin girma, mita mai yawa, ingancin haske mai kyau, babban matakin lalacewar saman rami, da kuma tsarin samarwa mai sauƙi. Yana nuna kyakkyawan aiki a aikace-aikacen nunin laser, sadarwa ta gani da agogon gani. Duk da haka, VCsels ba za su iya samun laser mai ƙarfi sama da matakin watt ba, don haka ba za a iya amfani da su a fannoni masu buƙatar ƙarfi mai yawa ba.

Resonator na laser na VCSEL ya ƙunshi wani Bragg reflector mai rarrabawa (DBR) wanda ya ƙunshi tsarin epitaxial mai yawa na kayan semiconductor a ɓangarorin sama da ƙasa na yankin mai aiki, wanda ya bambanta sosai dalaserResonator wanda aka yi da jirgin rarrabawa a cikin EEL. Alkiblar resonator na gani na VCSEL tana daidai da saman guntu, fitowar laser kuma tana daidai da saman guntu, kuma hasken ɓangarorin biyu na DBR ya fi na jirgin mafita na EEL girma sosai.
Tsawon resonator na laser na VCSEL gabaɗaya microns ne kaɗan, wanda ya fi na millimeter resonator na EEL ƙanƙanta, kuma ribar hanya ɗaya da aka samu ta hanyar juyawar filin gani a cikin ramin yana da ƙasa. Kodayake ana iya samun fitowar yanayin juyawa na asali, ƙarfin fitarwa zai iya kaiwa milliwatts da yawa kawai. Bayanin sashe na giciye na hasken laser na fitarwa na VCSEL yana da zagaye, kuma kusurwar bambance-bambancen ta fi ƙanƙanta fiye da hasken laser mai fitar da gefen. Don cimma babban ƙarfin VCSEL, ya zama dole a ƙara yankin haske don samar da ƙarin riba, kuma ƙaruwar yankin haske zai sa laser fitarwa ya zama fitarwa mai yanayi da yawa. A lokaci guda, yana da wuya a cimma allurar lantarki iri ɗaya a cikin babban yanki mai haske, kuma allurar lantarki mara daidaituwa za ta ƙara tarawa da zafi. A takaice, VCSEL na iya fitar da wurin daidaitawa na yanayin asali ta hanyar ƙirar tsari mai ma'ana, amma ƙarfin fitarwa yana da ƙasa lokacin da fitarwa take yanayi ɗaya. Saboda haka, sau da yawa ana haɗa VCsels da yawa cikin yanayin fitarwa.