GabatarwaInGaAs mai daukar hoto
InGaAs shine ɗayan ingantattun kayan don cimma babban amsa dahigh-gudun photodetector. Da fari dai, InGaAs abu ne mai ɗaukar hoto na bandgap kai tsaye, kuma faɗin bandgap ɗin sa na iya daidaita shi ta hanyar rabo tsakanin In da Ga, yana ba da damar gano siginar gani na tsawon zango daban-daban. Daga cikin su, In0.53Ga0.47As ya dace daidai da inP substrate lattice kuma yana da babban ƙarfin ɗaukar haske a cikin rukunin sadarwa na gani. Shi ne mafi yadu amfani a cikin shiri namai daukar hotokuma yana da mafi fitattun duhun halin yanzu da aikin amsawa. Abu na biyu, duka InGaAs da kayan InP suna da ingantacciyar ingantacciyar ingantacciyar saurin motsi na lantarki, tare da cikakken saurin tafiyarsu na lantarki duka kusan zama 1 × 107cm/s. A halin yanzu, a ƙarƙashin takamaiman filayen lantarki, kayan InGaAs da InP suna nuna tasirin wutar lantarki mai saurin wuce gona da iri, tare da saurin girman girman su ya kai 4 × 107cm/s da 6 × 107cm/s bi da bi. Yana da amfani don cimma babban ƙetare bandwidth. A halin yanzu, InGaAs photodetectors su ne mafi al'ada photodetetector ga gani sadarwa. A cikin kasuwa, hanyar haɗin kai-haɗe-haɗe shine mafi yawanci. Samfuran gano abubuwan da suka faru tare da 25 Gaud/s da 56 Gaud/s an riga an ƙirƙira su da yawa. Hakanan an ƙirƙira na'urori masu ƙarami, abubuwan da suka faru na baya, da babban bandwidth masu gano abubuwan da suka faru, galibi don aikace-aikace kamar babban gudu da cikakken jikewa. Koyaya, saboda ƙarancin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwar su, masu gano abubuwan da ke faruwa a saman suna da wahala a haɗa su da sauran na'urorin optoelectronic. Sabili da haka, tare da karuwar buƙatun haɗin kai na optoelectronic, waveguide tare da InGaAs masu daukar hoto tare da kyakkyawan aiki da dacewa da haɗin kai sun zama hankali na bincike. Daga cikin su, samfuran InGaAs na kasuwanci na daukar hoto na 70GHz da 110GHz kusan duk suna ɗaukar tsarin haɗin gwiwar igiyar ruwa. Dangane da bambance-bambance a cikin kayan maɓalli, waveguide haɗe da InGaAs masu gano hoto ana iya rarraba su zuwa nau'i biyu: tushen INP da Si-based. Epitaxial na kayan abu akan ƙananan InP yana da inganci mai kyau kuma ya fi dacewa da ƙirƙira na'urori masu mahimmanci. Koyaya, don kayan rukuni na III-V waɗanda aka girma ko an haɗa su akan Si substrates, saboda rashin daidaituwa daban-daban tsakanin kayan InGaAs da Si substrates, kayan ko ingancin mu'amala ba su da kyau, kuma har yanzu akwai babban ɗaki don haɓaka aikin na'urorin.
Kwanciyar hankali na photodetector a wurare daban-daban na aikace-aikacen, musamman a cikin matsanancin yanayi, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan a aikace-aikace masu amfani. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, sababbin nau'o'in bincike irin su perovskite, kwayoyin halitta da nau'i-nau'i biyu, wadanda suka ja hankalin hankali sosai, har yanzu suna fuskantar kalubale da yawa dangane da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci saboda gaskiyar cewa kayan da kansu suna da sauƙin tasiri ga abubuwan muhalli. A halin yanzu, tsarin haɗin kai na sababbin kayan har yanzu bai girma ba, kuma ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don samar da manyan ayyuka da daidaiton aiki.
Ko da yake gabatarwar inductor na iya ƙara haɓaka bandwidth na na'urori yadda ya kamata a halin yanzu, ba a shahara ba a cikin tsarin sadarwa na gani na dijital. Saboda haka, yadda za a kauce wa mummunan tasiri don ƙara rage parasitic RC sigogi na na'urar yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin bincike na mai saurin daukar hoto. Na biyu, yayin da bandwidth na waveguide haɗe-haɗe photodetectors ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa, ƙuntatawa tsakanin bandwidth da amsawa ya fara fitowa kuma. Ko da yake Ge/Si photodetectors da InGaAs photodetector tare da 3dB bandwidth wuce 200GHz an ruwaito, ayyukansu ba su gamsarwa. Yadda za a ƙara bandwidth yayin da ake ci gaba da mayar da martani mai kyau muhimmin batu ne na bincike, wanda zai iya buƙatar gabatar da sababbin kayan aiki masu dacewa (maɗaukakiyar motsi da ƙima mai girma) ko sabon tsarin na'ura mai sauri don warwarewa. Bugu da kari, yayin da bandwidth na na'urar ke ƙaruwa, yanayin aikace-aikacen na masu ganowa a cikin hanyoyin haɗin photonic na microwave za su ƙaru a hankali. Ba kamar ƙananan abin da ya faru na ƙarfin gani da kuma gano haɓakar haɓakawa a cikin sadarwa na gani ba, wannan yanayin, akan babban bandwidth, yana da babban ƙarfin buƙatun ƙarfin ƙarfin abin da ya faru. Duk da haka, na'urorin bandwidth masu girma yawanci suna ɗaukar ƙananan sifofi masu girma, don haka ba shi da sauƙi a ƙirƙira manyan na'urorin daukar hoto masu sauri da ƙarfin gaske, kuma ana iya buƙatar ƙarin sabbin abubuwa a cikin hakar mai ɗaukar hoto da kuma zubar da zafi na na'urorin. A ƙarshe, rage duhun halin yanzu na na'urori masu saurin sauri ya kasance matsalar da masu binciken hoto tare da rashin daidaituwar lattice ke buƙatar warwarewa. Dark halin yanzu yana da alaƙa da ingancin kristal da yanayin saman kayan. Don haka, mahimman matakai kamar heteroepitaxy masu inganci ko haɗin kai ƙarƙashin tsarin rashin daidaituwa na lattice yana buƙatar ƙarin bincike da saka hannun jari.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-20-2025